摘要
随着城市化进程的加速推进，土木工程结构的安全性和耐久性面临着前所未有的挑战。大量既有建筑由于使用年限的增长、使用功能的变化以及自然环境的侵蚀，出现了不同程度的损伤和老化。同时，随着社会经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高，人们对建筑的使用要求也在不断提高。因此，对既有建筑进行结构加固与改造，以恢复或提高其承载能力、安全性和耐久性，满足新的使用需求，成为土木工程领域亟待解决的重要问题。本研究针对土木工程领域结构加固与改造技术的关键问题进行了深入探讨。首先概述了结构加固与改造技术的研究背景和意义，分析了国内外研究现状和发展趋势。接着，介绍了常见的结构加固方法与技术，包括增大截面法、粘贴加固法、预应力加固法等，并探讨了加固材料的选择与应用。此外，还详细阐述了改造技术的分类与特点，包括改扩建技术、功能改造技术和结构拆解技术等。针对结构加固与改造过程中面临的挑战与问题，提出了相应的应对策略与措施，包括创新性加固技术的研发与应用、加强标准化与规范化建设等。本研究为土木工程结构加固与改造提供了理论支持和实践指导，有助于推动该领域的持续发展。
关键词 土木工程；结构加固；改造技术；加固材料
Abstract
With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the safety and durability of civil engineering structures are facing unprecedented challenges. A large number of existing buildings, the change of use function and the erosion of the natural environment, have different degrees of damage and aging. At the same time, with the development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standards, people's requirements for the use of buildings are also constantly improving. Therefore, the structural reinforcement and renovation of existing buildings to restore or improve their carrying capacity, safety and durability, to meet the new needs, has become an important problem to be solved in the field of civil engineering. This study deeply discusses the key problems of structural reinforcement and reconstruction technology in the field of civil engineering. First, summarize the research background and significance of structural reinforcement and reconstruction technology, and analyzes the research status and development trend at home and abroad. Then, it introduces the common structural reinforcement methods and techniques, including increasing section, paste reinforcement, prestressed reinforcement, and discusses the selection and application of reinforcement materials. In addition, the classification and characteristics of reconstruction technology are described in detail, including reconstruction and expansion technology, functional transformation technology and structural disassembly technology. In view of the challenges and problems faced in the process of structural reinforcement and transformation, the corresponding coping strategies and measures are put forward, including the research and development and application of innovative reinforcement technology, strengthening the standardization and standardization construction, etc. This study provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the reinforcement and reconstruction of civil engineering structures, and helps to promote the sustainable development of this field.
Keywords Civil engineering; structural reinforcement; renovation technology; reinforcement materials
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景和意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 结构加固与改造技术相关概述 3
2.1 常见的结构加固方法 3
2.2 加固材料的应用 3
2.3 改造技术的分类 4
第3章 结构加固与改造技术的挑战 6
3.1 现有加固与改造技术的局限性 6
3.2 不同结构类型加固的差异性挑战 7
3.3 复杂环境下结构加固的难度 7
3.4 加固与改造过程中的安全与质量控制 8
3.5 改造过程中的经济效益与可持续性考虑 9
第4章 应对结构加固与改造技术挑战的策略 10
4.1 创新性加固技术的研发与应用 10
4.2 加强结构加固标准化与规范化 10
4.3 针对不同结构类型的定制化加固方案 11
4.4 强化加固与改造过程的安全监管与风险评估 11
4.5 兼顾经济效益与环保要求的改造策略 12
结论 14
参考文献 15
致谢 16
