无线传感器网络中的自组网技术研究

无线传感器网络中的自组网技术研究

摘  要
无线传感器网络（Wireless Sensor Networks, WSN）作为一种分布式感知技术，广泛应用于环境监测、智能交通、农业管理等领域。然而，传统WSN在自组网过程中面临节点能量有限、通信不稳定以及拓扑结构动态变化等挑战。本文针对这些关键问题，提出了一种基于能量均衡和动态拓扑优化的自组网技术。研究首先分析了现有自组网协议的局限性，特别是能量消耗不均和拓扑稳定性不足的问题。随后，设计了一种基于能量感知的节点选择机制，通过动态调整节点的通信频率和数据传输路径，实现网络能量的均衡分配。同时，引入了一种基于模糊逻辑的拓扑优化算法，能够根据网络负载和节点状态实时调整拓扑结构，提高网络的自适应性和鲁棒性。

关键词：无线传感器网络；自组网技术；能量均衡


RESEARCH ON AD HOC NETWORK TECHNOLOGY IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

ABSTRACT
As a distributed sensor technology, WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks) is widely used in environmental monitoring, intelligent transportation, agricultural management and other fields. However, traditional WSN faces challenges such as limited node energy, communication instability and dynamic change of topological structure. In this paper, by addressing these key problems, we propose an ad hoc networking technique based on energy equalization and dynamic topology optimization. The study first analyzes the limitations of existing ad hoc network protocols, especially the uneven energy consumption and insufficient topological stability. Subsequently, a node selection mechanism based on energy perception is designed to realize the balanced distribution of network energy by dynamically adjusting the communication frequency and data transmission path of the nodes. Meanwhile, a topology optimization algorithm based on fuzzy logic is introduced, which can adjust the topology structure in real time according to the network load and node state to improve the adaptability and robustness of the network.

KEY WORDS：Wireless sensor network; ad hoc network technology; energy balance


目  录
摘  要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究现状分析 1
第2章 无线传感器网络自组网的拓扑控制技术 3
2.1 拓扑控制的基本原理与分类 3
2.2 基于能量优化的拓扑控制算法研究 3
2.3 拓扑控制对网络性能的影响分析 4
第3章 无线传感器网络自组网的路由协议设计 5
3.1 现有路由协议的分类与特点分析 5
3.2 基于多路径的自组网路由协议优化 5
3.3 路由协议在动态环境中的适应性研究 6
第4章 无线传感器网络自组网的能量管理策略 7
4.1 能量管理的基本框架与挑战 7
4.2 基于分布式算法的能量均衡策略研究 7
4.3 能量管理对网络寿命的影响评估 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致  谢 11