槐树人工林病虫害绿色防控技术研究
摘 要
槐树人工林作为我国重要的生态和经济资源，近年来在病虫害防控方面面临严峻挑战。传统化学防治方法不仅对环境造成污染，还导致病虫害抗药性增强，亟需探索绿色防控技术。本研究旨在通过综合运用生物防治、物理防治和生态调控等手段，构建一套高效、环保的槐树人工林病虫害防控体系。研究选取了华北地区典型槐树人工林为试验区，采用田间调查与实验室分析相结合的方法，系统评估了天敌昆虫释放、诱捕器设置及林分结构优化等措施的效果。结果表明，天敌昆虫释放显著降低了主要害虫的种群密度，诱捕器有效控制了迁飞性害虫的扩散，而林分结构优化则提升了林分的自我调节能力。与传统化学防治相比，绿色防控技术在减少农药使用量的同时，病虫害发生率降低了30%以上。本研究的创新点在于首次将多层次生态调控与生物防治相结合，提出了适用于槐树人工林的绿色防控新模式。
关键词：槐树人工林；绿色防控技术；生物防治
RESEARCH ON GREEN PREVENTION AND CONTROL TECHNOLOGY OF DISEASES AND INSECT PESTS IN LOCUST TREE FOREST
ABSTRACT
As an important ecological and economic resource in China, locust plantation has faced severe challenges in the prevention and control in recent years. Traditional chemical control methods not only cause pollution to the environment, but also lead to the enhanced resistance of pests and diseases, so it is urgent to explore green prevention and control technology. This study aims to build a set of efficient and environmentally friendly pest control system of locust plantations by comprehensive use of biological control, physical control and ecological control. This paper selected the typical locust tree forest in North China as the experimental area, and systematically evaluated the effect of the insect release, the trap setting and the stand structure optimization. The results showed that the release of natural enemies significantly reduced the population density of major pests, the trap effectively controlled the dispersal of migratory pests, and the optimization of the stand structure improved the self-regulation ability of the forest. Compared with traditional chemical control, green prevention and control technology has reduced the use of pesticides and reduced the incidence of diseases and insect pests by more than 30%. The innovation of this study is the first combination of multi-level ecological regulation and biological control, and a new green prevention and control model for locust tree plantation.
KEY WORDS：Locust tree artificial forest; green prevention and control technology; biological control
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究现状 1
第2章 槐树人工林主要病虫害种类及其危害特征分析 3
2.1 槐树人工林常见病害种类及危害特征 3
2.2 槐树人工林常见虫害种类及危害特征 3
2.3 病虫害对槐树人工林生态系统的影响评估 4
第3章 槐树人工林病虫害绿色防控技术体系构建 5
3.1 基于生物防治的绿色防控技术研究 5
3.2 基于物理防治的绿色防控技术研究 5
3.3 基于化学防治的绿色防控技术优化策略 6
第4章 槐树人工林病虫害绿色防控技术的应用效果评价 7
4.1 不同防控技术在槐树人工林中的应用效果对比分析 7
4.2 绿色防控技术对生态环境的影响评估 7
4.3 绿色防控技术的经济效益与社会效益分析 7
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
摘 要
槐树人工林作为我国重要的生态和经济资源，近年来在病虫害防控方面面临严峻挑战。传统化学防治方法不仅对环境造成污染，还导致病虫害抗药性增强，亟需探索绿色防控技术。本研究旨在通过综合运用生物防治、物理防治和生态调控等手段，构建一套高效、环保的槐树人工林病虫害防控体系。研究选取了华北地区典型槐树人工林为试验区，采用田间调查与实验室分析相结合的方法，系统评估了天敌昆虫释放、诱捕器设置及林分结构优化等措施的效果。结果表明，天敌昆虫释放显著降低了主要害虫的种群密度，诱捕器有效控制了迁飞性害虫的扩散，而林分结构优化则提升了林分的自我调节能力。与传统化学防治相比，绿色防控技术在减少农药使用量的同时，病虫害发生率降低了30%以上。本研究的创新点在于首次将多层次生态调控与生物防治相结合，提出了适用于槐树人工林的绿色防控新模式。
关键词：槐树人工林；绿色防控技术；生物防治
RESEARCH ON GREEN PREVENTION AND CONTROL TECHNOLOGY OF DISEASES AND INSECT PESTS IN LOCUST TREE FOREST
ABSTRACT
As an important ecological and economic resource in China, locust plantation has faced severe challenges in the prevention and control in recent years. Traditional chemical control methods not only cause pollution to the environment, but also lead to the enhanced resistance of pests and diseases, so it is urgent to explore green prevention and control technology. This study aims to build a set of efficient and environmentally friendly pest control system of locust plantations by comprehensive use of biological control, physical control and ecological control. This paper selected the typical locust tree forest in North China as the experimental area, and systematically evaluated the effect of the insect release, the trap setting and the stand structure optimization. The results showed that the release of natural enemies significantly reduced the population density of major pests, the trap effectively controlled the dispersal of migratory pests, and the optimization of the stand structure improved the self-regulation ability of the forest. Compared with traditional chemical control, green prevention and control technology has reduced the use of pesticides and reduced the incidence of diseases and insect pests by more than 30%. The innovation of this study is the first combination of multi-level ecological regulation and biological control, and a new green prevention and control model for locust tree plantation.
KEY WORDS：Locust tree artificial forest; green prevention and control technology; biological control
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究现状 1
第2章 槐树人工林主要病虫害种类及其危害特征分析 3
2.1 槐树人工林常见病害种类及危害特征 3
2.2 槐树人工林常见虫害种类及危害特征 3
2.3 病虫害对槐树人工林生态系统的影响评估 4
第3章 槐树人工林病虫害绿色防控技术体系构建 5
3.1 基于生物防治的绿色防控技术研究 5
3.2 基于物理防治的绿色防控技术研究 5
3.3 基于化学防治的绿色防控技术优化策略 6
第4章 槐树人工林病虫害绿色防控技术的应用效果评价 7
4.1 不同防控技术在槐树人工林中的应用效果对比分析 7
4.2 绿色防控技术对生态环境的影响评估 7
4.3 绿色防控技术的经济效益与社会效益分析 7
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
