摘 要
智齿拔除术是口腔外科常见的手术之一，但其术后并发症如感染、干槽症、神经损伤等仍较为常见，严重影响患者的生活质量。本研究旨在探讨智齿拔除术后并发症的预防与处理对策，以期提高手术安全性及患者满意度。研究采用了回顾性分析和前瞻性队列研究相结合的方法，收集了2018年至2022年间在中国某大型口腔医院进行的1500例智齿拔除术病例数据。通过对患者的年龄、性别、手术方式、术后护理等因素进行多因素回归分析，确定了影响术后并发症的主要风险因素。结果显示，年龄大于40岁、女性患者、复杂拔牙手术以及术后护理不当是主要的风险因素。基于这些发现，本研究提出了一套综合性的预防与处理对策，包括术前详细评估、个性化手术方案制定、术后严格护理指导以及定期随访机制。此外，研究还创新性地引入了人工智能辅助系统，用于术前风险评估和术后并发症的早期预警。该系统显著提高了并发症的预测准确率，减少了不必要的医疗干预。
关键词：智齿拔除术;术后并发症;风险因素
Abstract
Wisdom tooth removal is one of the common operations in oral surgery, but its postoperative complications such as infection, dry trough disease and nerve injury are still common, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevention and treatment of complications after wisdom tooth removal to improve surgical safety and patient satisfaction. A combination of retrospective analysis and prospective cohort studies have collected data from 1500 wisdom tooth removal cases performed in a large dental hospital in China between 2018 and 2022. The main risk factors affecting postoperative complications were identified by multifactor regression analysis of patient age, sex, surgical procedure, and postoperative care. The results showed that age over 40 years, female patients, complex tooth extraction surgery, and improper postoperative care were the major risk factors. Based on these findings, this study proposes a comprehensive set of prevention and treatment countermeasures, including detailed preoperative evaluation, formulation of personalized surgical plan, strict postoperative care guidance, and regular follow-up mechanism. In addition, the study has innovatively introduced AI-assisted systems for preoperative risk assessment and early warning of postoperative complications. This system significantly improves the prediction accuracy of complications and reduces unnecessary medical intervention.
Keywords：Wisdom tooth removal; postoperative complications; risk factors
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 智齿拔除术后常见并发症分析 2
1.1 术后感染的风险评估 2
1.2 神经损伤的潜在风险 2
1.3 干槽症的发生机制 3
第二章 智齿拔除术前预防措施研究 4
2.1 术前口腔卫生指导 4
2.2 术前抗生素使用策略 4
2.3 术前影像学检查的重要性 5
第三章 智齿拔除术中操作技巧优化 6
3.1 手术器械的选择与应用 6
3.2 微创手术技术的应用 6
3.3 麻醉方式的选择与管理 7
3.4 复杂智齿拔除的特殊技巧 7
第四章 智齿拔除术后处理对策探讨 9
4.1 术后疼痛管理方案 9
4.2 术后感染的监测与治疗 9
4.3 神经损伤的早期识别与处理 10
4.4 干槽症的诊断与治疗策略 10
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
智齿拔除术是口腔外科常见的手术之一，但其术后并发症如感染、干槽症、神经损伤等仍较为常见，严重影响患者的生活质量。本研究旨在探讨智齿拔除术后并发症的预防与处理对策，以期提高手术安全性及患者满意度。研究采用了回顾性分析和前瞻性队列研究相结合的方法，收集了2018年至2022年间在中国某大型口腔医院进行的1500例智齿拔除术病例数据。通过对患者的年龄、性别、手术方式、术后护理等因素进行多因素回归分析，确定了影响术后并发症的主要风险因素。结果显示，年龄大于40岁、女性患者、复杂拔牙手术以及术后护理不当是主要的风险因素。基于这些发现，本研究提出了一套综合性的预防与处理对策，包括术前详细评估、个性化手术方案制定、术后严格护理指导以及定期随访机制。此外，研究还创新性地引入了人工智能辅助系统，用于术前风险评估和术后并发症的早期预警。该系统显著提高了并发症的预测准确率，减少了不必要的医疗干预。
关键词：智齿拔除术;术后并发症;风险因素
Abstract
Wisdom tooth removal is one of the common operations in oral surgery, but its postoperative complications such as infection, dry trough disease and nerve injury are still common, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevention and treatment of complications after wisdom tooth removal to improve surgical safety and patient satisfaction. A combination of retrospective analysis and prospective cohort studies have collected data from 1500 wisdom tooth removal cases performed in a large dental hospital in China between 2018 and 2022. The main risk factors affecting postoperative complications were identified by multifactor regression analysis of patient age, sex, surgical procedure, and postoperative care. The results showed that age over 40 years, female patients, complex tooth extraction surgery, and improper postoperative care were the major risk factors. Based on these findings, this study proposes a comprehensive set of prevention and treatment countermeasures, including detailed preoperative evaluation, formulation of personalized surgical plan, strict postoperative care guidance, and regular follow-up mechanism. In addition, the study has innovatively introduced AI-assisted systems for preoperative risk assessment and early warning of postoperative complications. This system significantly improves the prediction accuracy of complications and reduces unnecessary medical intervention.
Keywords：Wisdom tooth removal; postoperative complications; risk factors
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 智齿拔除术后常见并发症分析 2
1.1 术后感染的风险评估 2
1.2 神经损伤的潜在风险 2
1.3 干槽症的发生机制 3
第二章 智齿拔除术前预防措施研究 4
2.1 术前口腔卫生指导 4
2.2 术前抗生素使用策略 4
2.3 术前影像学检查的重要性 5
第三章 智齿拔除术中操作技巧优化 6
3.1 手术器械的选择与应用 6
3.2 微创手术技术的应用 6
3.3 麻醉方式的选择与管理 7
3.4 复杂智齿拔除的特殊技巧 7
第四章 智齿拔除术后处理对策探讨 9
4.1 术后疼痛管理方案 9
4.2 术后感染的监测与治疗 9
4.3 神经损伤的早期识别与处理 10
4.4 干槽症的诊断与治疗策略 10
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
