城市土地扩张与耕地保护之间的平衡研究
摘 要
随着中国城镇化进程的加速，城市土地扩张与耕地保护之间的矛盾日益凸显，如何在保障经济发展的同时维护粮食安全成为亟待解决的重大问题。本研究以2000-2020年中国主要城市群为研究对象，运用遥感影像解译、空间计量模型和情景模拟等方法，系统分析了城市土地扩张的时空特征及其对耕地资源的影响机制。研究发现，中国城市土地扩张呈现明显的区域差异，东部沿海地区扩张速度显著高于中西部地区；耕地流失主要发生在城市边缘地带，且具有显著的集聚效应。通过构建多目标优化模型，研究提出了基于生态优先、集约发展的土地利用优化方案，该方案在保证经济增长的同时可将耕地流失率降低30%以上。创新性地引入生态系统服务价值评估方法，量化了不同土地利用模式下的生态效益，为决策提供了科学依据。
关键词：城市土地扩张；耕地保护；土地利用优化
THE BALANCE BETWEEN URBAN LAND EXPANSION AND CULTIVATED LAND CONSERVATION
ABSTRACT
With the acceleration of China's urbanization process, the contradiction between urban land expansion and cultivated land protection has become increasingly prominent. How to safeguard food security while maintaining economic development has become a major problem to be solved urgently. In this study, taking major urban agglomerations in China from 2000 to 2020, we systematically analyzed the spatial and temporal characteristics of urban land expansion and its influence mechanism on farmland resources by means of remote sensing image interpretation, spatial measurement model and scenario simulation. The study shows that urban land expansion in China shows obvious regional differences, and the expansion rate in eastern coastal areas is significantly higher than that in central and western regions; farmland loss mainly occurs in the urban edge, and has significant agglomeration effect. Through the construction of multi-ob jective optimization model, the land use optimization scheme based on ecological priority and intensive development is put forward, which can reduce the farmland loss rate by more than 30% while ensuring economic growth. The value evaluation method of ecosystem services was innovatively introduced to quantify the ecological benefits under different land use modes and provide a scientific basis for decision-making.
KEY WORDS：Urban land expansion; protection of cultivated land; optimization of land use
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究目的和内容 1
第2章 城市土地扩张的驱动机制 2
2.1 经济发展与土地需求 2
2.2 人口增长与空间压力 2
2.3 政策导向与规划影响 3
第3章 耕地保护的现实挑战 4
3.1 耕地资源现状分析 4
3.2 耕地流失的主要成因 4
3.3 保护政策的实施效果 5
第4章 土地扩张与耕地保护的平衡路径 6
4.1 土地利用优化策略 6
4.2 生态红线与开发边界划定 6
4.3 城乡统筹与土地集约利用 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
摘 要
随着中国城镇化进程的加速，城市土地扩张与耕地保护之间的矛盾日益凸显，如何在保障经济发展的同时维护粮食安全成为亟待解决的重大问题。本研究以2000-2020年中国主要城市群为研究对象，运用遥感影像解译、空间计量模型和情景模拟等方法，系统分析了城市土地扩张的时空特征及其对耕地资源的影响机制。研究发现，中国城市土地扩张呈现明显的区域差异，东部沿海地区扩张速度显著高于中西部地区；耕地流失主要发生在城市边缘地带，且具有显著的集聚效应。通过构建多目标优化模型，研究提出了基于生态优先、集约发展的土地利用优化方案，该方案在保证经济增长的同时可将耕地流失率降低30%以上。创新性地引入生态系统服务价值评估方法，量化了不同土地利用模式下的生态效益，为决策提供了科学依据。
关键词：城市土地扩张；耕地保护；土地利用优化
THE BALANCE BETWEEN URBAN LAND EXPANSION AND CULTIVATED LAND CONSERVATION
ABSTRACT
With the acceleration of China's urbanization process, the contradiction between urban land expansion and cultivated land protection has become increasingly prominent. How to safeguard food security while maintaining economic development has become a major problem to be solved urgently. In this study, taking major urban agglomerations in China from 2000 to 2020, we systematically analyzed the spatial and temporal characteristics of urban land expansion and its influence mechanism on farmland resources by means of remote sensing image interpretation, spatial measurement model and scenario simulation. The study shows that urban land expansion in China shows obvious regional differences, and the expansion rate in eastern coastal areas is significantly higher than that in central and western regions; farmland loss mainly occurs in the urban edge, and has significant agglomeration effect. Through the construction of multi-ob jective optimization model, the land use optimization scheme based on ecological priority and intensive development is put forward, which can reduce the farmland loss rate by more than 30% while ensuring economic growth. The value evaluation method of ecosystem services was innovatively introduced to quantify the ecological benefits under different land use modes and provide a scientific basis for decision-making.
KEY WORDS：Urban land expansion; protection of cultivated land; optimization of land use
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究目的和内容 1
第2章 城市土地扩张的驱动机制 2
2.1 经济发展与土地需求 2
2.2 人口增长与空间压力 2
2.3 政策导向与规划影响 3
第3章 耕地保护的现实挑战 4
3.1 耕地资源现状分析 4
3.2 耕地流失的主要成因 4
3.3 保护政策的实施效果 5
第4章 土地扩张与耕地保护的平衡路径 6
4.1 土地利用优化策略 6
4.2 生态红线与开发边界划定 6
4.3 城乡统筹与土地集约利用 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
