住宅产业的发展与国民经济增长
中文摘要
摘要:住宅行业是中国国民经济增长的支柱性行业,住宅行业的稳定发展与否 直接影响 到国内的经济发展,很多地方政府的经济都在以来住宅行业的的发展,地方 政府通过土 地拍卖获得公共设施发展的资金。同时住宅行业的发展能够带动多个产业 的协同发展, 能够为社会提供丰富的就业岗位,对扩大内需、拉动区域经济增长起到 推动作用。2017 年中央政府发文稳定房价,为住宅行业奠定发展基础,从高杠杆扩张 到去杠杆发展,经历了从盲目扩张到稳扎稳打的过程,目前住宅地产行业仍然存在一 定问题,包括资源配 置不合理,综合利用率低、区域发展不平衡,供需空间错配、住 房供需失衡,结构性矛 盾突出、缺乏完善的房地产金融体系等,想要改善目前住宅行 业存在的问题,促进国民 经济增长,需要从建设保障性住房,惠民生、降低金融属性 的房地产行业在支撑经济发 展上起到关键作用、强化金融监管,促进房地产业的金融 创新等几个方面进行。
关键词:住宅行业;经济增长;政策创新
ABSTRACT
Title: The Development of Housing Industry and National Economic Growth
ABSTRACT:The housing industry is a pillar industry for China, s national economic growth. The stable development of the housing industry directly affects the domestic economic development. Many local governments have experienced the development of the housing industry in the past. Local governments obtain public facilities development through land auctions. Of funds. At the same time, the development of the housing industry can drive the coordinated development of multiple industries, provide abundant jobs for the society, and play a role in expanding domestic demand and stimulating regional economic growth. In 2017, the central government issued a document stabilizing housing prices, laying the foundation for the development of the residential industry. From high-leverage expansion to deleveraging development, it has experienced a process from blind expansion to steady and steady development. At present, the residential real estate industry still has certain problems, including unreasonable resource allocation and comprehensive Low utilization rate, unbalanced regional development, mismatch of supply and demand space, imbalance of housing supply and demand, prominent structural contradictions, lack of a complete real estate financial system, etc. To improve the current problems in the housing industry and promote national economic growth, construction guarantees are needed The real estate industry, which benefits people' s livelihood and reduces financial attributes, plays a key role in supporting economic development, strengthens financial supervision, and promotes financial innovation in the real estate industry.
KEYWORDS:Housing industry; economic growth; policy innovation
目录
中文摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
1 绪论 1
1.1 选题背景 1
1.2 选题的目的与意义 2
1.3 国内外研究现状 3
1.3.1 国内研究现状 3
1.3.2 国外研究现状 3
1.4 研究思路 4
2 房地产市场走向分化 6
2.1 房地产企业增量显著彳亍业集中度进一步提高 6
2.1.1 房地产企业是行业发展的主体 7
2.1.2 房产企业快速发展 9
2.2 人均居住面积不断增加 10
2.2.1 居住条件更舒适 10
2.2.2 出行条件更便捷 11
2.2.3 生态环境更绿色 11
2.2.4 文化设施更均衡 11
2.3 住房租赁市场初具规模 12
3 房地产行业的历史发展 12
3.1 初步发展阶段(1978- 1991) 12
3.2 调整与房地产市场形成期(1992- 1997) 13
3.3 快速发展期(1998-2002) 13
3.4 完善和成熟期(2003-2007) 13
3.5 整合发展期 (2008 至 2016 年) 14
3.6 深化调整期 (2017-至今) 15
4 国内房地产经济发展环节存在的各类问题 15
4.1 资源配置不合理,综合利用率低 15
4.2 区域发展不平衡,供需空间错配 15
4.3 住房供需失衡,结构性矛盾突出 16
4.4 缺乏完善的房地产金融体系 17
4.4.1 房地产开发融资主要以银行信贷为主 17
4.4.2 住房抵押贷款是银行房地产金融业务重点 18
4.4.3 进入住房贷款品牌化竞争阶段 18
4.4.4 房地产金融市场仍以一级市场为主 18
5 推动国内住宅产业经济稳定发展的策略 19
5.1 建设保障性住房 19
5.2 协调区域产业发展 19
5.3 改变住宅属性 20
5.4 强化金融监管 20
5.4.1 实行差异性房地产金融政策 20
5.4.2 采用差异性金融政策对待房屋开发 21
5.4.3 利用差异性金融政策引导住房消费 21
6 结论 22
参考文献 23
致谢 24