粮食干燥过程中的节能技术研究 -烹饪工艺与营养（专）专业

摘要

粮食干燥是粮食储藏与加工过程中的关键环节，但传统干燥技术能耗高、效率低，制约了粮食产业的可持续发展。为解决这一问题，本文系统研究了粮食干燥过程中的节能技术，旨在提高能源利用效率并降低干燥成本。通过分析不同干燥参数对能耗和干燥速率的影响，结合热力学与传质理论，提出了一种基于热泵与太阳能联合供能的新型复合干燥工艺，并引入智能控制策略优化干燥过程。实验在多种环境条件下进行，采用玉米和稻谷作为试验对象，对比分析了传统热风干燥、单一热泵干燥与新型复合干燥的性能差异。结果表明，新型干燥技术在保证粮食品质的前提下，能耗较传统方法降低了30%以上，干燥时间缩短约25%，且具有良好的适应性和稳定性。本研究的主要创新在于构建了多能互补的干燥系统架构，并实现了干燥过程的动态优化控制，为粮食干燥节能提供了新思路和技术支撑。研究成果对于推动粮食干燥技术绿色转型、提升行业能效水平具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。

关键词：粮食干燥节能；热泵-太阳能复合干燥；智能控制策略；多能互补系统；干燥过程优化

Abstract

Grain drying is a critical process in grain storage and processing; however, traditional drying technologies are characterized by high energy consumption and low efficiency, which hinder the sustainable development of the grain industry. To address this issue, this study systematically investigates energy-saving technologies in grain drying with the aim of improving energy utilization efficiency and reducing drying costs. By analyzing the effects of different drying parameters on energy consumption and drying rate, and integrating thermodynamic and mass transfer theories, a novel hybrid drying process based on combined heat pump and solar energy supply is proposed. An intelligent control strategy is also introduced to optimize the drying process. Experiments were conducted under various environmental conditions using corn and paddy rice as test materials, and comparative analyses were carried out among conventional hot-air drying, single heat pump drying, and the new hybrid drying method. Results indicate that the new drying technology reduces energy consumption by more than 30% and shortens drying time by approximately 25% while maintaining grain quality, demonstrating excellent adaptability and stability. The main innovation of this study lies in the development of a multi-energy complementary drying system architecture and the realization of dynamic optimization control in the drying process, providing new insights and technical support for energy-efficient grain drying. This research holds significant theoretical and practical value in promoting the green transformation of grain drying technologies and enhancing energy efficiency in the industry.

Keywords: Energy-Saving Grain Drying; Hybrid Heat Pump-Solar Drying; Intelligent Control Strategy; Multi-Energy Complementary System; Drying Process Optimization

1绪论 1

1.1粮食干燥过程中节能技术研究的背景与意义 1

1.2粮食干燥节能技术的研究现状与发展趋势 1

1.3本文研究粮食干燥节能技术的方法与技术路线 1

2粮食干燥过程中的能耗特征分析 2

2.1粮食干燥系统的主要能耗构成 2

2.2干燥介质对能耗的影响机制 2

2.3不同粮食品种的干燥能耗差异 3

2.4干燥工艺参数对能耗的影响规律 3

3热能回收与利用技术在粮食干燥中的应用 3

3.1排气余热回收技术的原理与实现方式 3

3.2热泵干燥系统的节能潜力分析 4