摘 要
随着物联网技术的快速发展和能源管理需求的日益增长，智能家居电力管理系统成为提升家庭能源利用效率的重要研究方向。本研究旨在设计一种基于物联网的智能家居电力管理系统，以实现对家庭用电设备的实时监测、智能控制及优化管理。通过结合传感器网络、云计算和大数据分析技术，该系统能够采集并处理家庭用电数据，提供个性化的节能方案，并支持用户远程操控设备。研究采用模块化设计方法，构建了数据采集、传输、存储与分析的核心框架，同时引入机器学习算法以预测用电负荷并优化调度策略。实验结果表明，该系统可显著降低家庭用电成本，提高能源使用效率，并具备良好的扩展性和兼容性。本研究的主要创新点在于将物联网与人工智能技术深度融合，实现了用电行为的精细化管理和智能化决策，为推动智慧家庭建设和可持续能源发展提供了有效技术支持。
关键词：智能家居电力管理；物联网；机器学习；能源优化；大数据分析
Abstract
With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology and the growing demand for energy management, smart home electricity management systems have become a critical research direction for enhancing household energy efficiency. This study aims to design an IoT-based smart home electricity management system that enables real-time monitoring, intelligent control, and optimized management of household electrical appliances. By integrating sensor networks, cloud computing, and big data analytics, the system is capable of collecting and processing electricity consumption data, providing personalized energy-saving solutions, and supporting remote device operation by users. A modular design approach was adopted to construct the core fr amework for data acquisition, transmission, storage, and analysis, while machine learning algorithms were introduced to predict electricity load and optimize scheduling strategies. Experimental results demonstrate that the system can significantly reduce household electricity costs, improve energy utilization efficiency, and exhibit excellent scalability and compatibility. The primary innovation of this research lies in the deep integration of IoT and artificial intelligence technologies, which enables precise management of electricity consumption behavior and intelligent decision-making, thereby offering effective technical support for promoting the construction of smart homes and sustainable energy development.
Keywords: Smart Home Electricity Management；Internet Of Things；Machine Learning；Energy Optimization；Big Data Analysis
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
（一）智能家居电力管理的研究背景 1
（二）物联网技术在电力管理中的意义 1
（三）国内外研究现状分析 2
二、系统需求分析与设计目标 2
（一）用户需求与功能定位 2
（二）系统性能指标设定 2
（三）数据采集与传输要求 3
（四）能耗优化的设计目标 4
三、系统架构设计与关键技术 4
（一）基于物联网的系统总体架构 4
（二）数据通信协议的选择与实现 5
（三）智能设备的接入与管理 5
（四）电力数据的实时监测与处理 6
四、系统实现与测试评估 6
（一）系统开发环境与工具选择 6
（二）功能模块实现与集成测试 7
（三）实验验证与数据分析 7
（四）系统性能评估与优化建议 8
结 论 8
致 谢 10
参考文献 11
