摘 要
随着电力系统规模的不断扩大和复杂性的持续提升，继电保护装置作为保障电网安全稳定运行的核心设备，其设计与优化已成为亟待解决的关键问题。本研究以提高继电保护装置的可靠性、灵敏性和速动性为目标，针对传统保护方案在故障识别精度和响应速度方面的不足，提出了一种基于先进信号处理技术和智能算法的继电保护优化设计方法。具体而言，通过引入小波变换对故障暂态信号进行特征提取，并结合深度学习模型实现故障类型的精准分类，显著提升了故障诊断的准确性。同时，研究开发了一种自适应整定策略，能够根据电网运行状态动态调整保护参数，从而有效应对复杂工况下的保护需求。实验结果表明，所提方法在多种典型故障场景下均表现出优异的性能，故障识别准确率较传统方法提升超过20%，动作时间缩短至毫秒级。此外，该研究还构建了完整的继电保护仿真测试平台，为实际工程应用提供了有力支持。总体而言，本研究不仅为继电保护装置的设计与优化提供了新思路，还为推动智能化电力系统的建设奠定了重要基础。
关键词：继电保护优化；小波变换；深度学习；自适应整定；故障诊断
Abstract
With the continuous expansion of power system scale and increasing complexity, relay protection devices, as core equipment for ensuring the safe and stable operation of power grids, have become a critical issue that needs to be addressed in terms of design and optimization. This study aims to enhance the reliability, sensitivity, and rapidity of relay protection devices by proposing an optimized design method based on advanced signal processing techniques and intelligent algorithms, targeting the deficiencies of traditional protection schemes in fault recognition accuracy and response speed. Specifically, wavelet transform is introduced for feature extraction of fault transient signals, which is then combined with deep learning models to achieve precise classification of fault types, significantly improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis. Meanwhile, an adaptive setting strategy has been developed, enabling dynamic adjustment of protection parameters according to the operational state of the power grid, thereby effectively addressing protection requirements under complex conditions. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits superior performance in various typical fault scenarios, with the fault recognition accuracy improved by over 20% compared to traditional methods and the action time reduced to the millisecond level. Furthermore, this research establishes a comprehensive relay protection simulation testing platform, providing strong support for practical engineering applications. Overall, this study not only offers new insights into the design and optimization of relay protection devices but also lays an important foundation for advancing the construction of intelligent power systems.
Keywords: Relay Protection Optimization；Wavelet Transform；Deep Learning；Adaptive Setting；Fault Diagnosis
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
（一）电力系统继电保护装置研究背景与意义 1
（二）国内外继电保护装置研究现状分析 1
（三）本文研究方法与技术路线设计 2
二、继电保护装置基础理论与设计原则 2
（一）继电保护装置的基本原理与功能 2
（二）继电保护装置的设计原则与规范 3
（三）关键技术参数对装置性能的影响分析 3
三、继电保护装置优化策略研究 3
（一）基于可靠性提升的优化方法探讨 4
（二）智能化技术在继电保护中的应用分析 4
（三）优化方案的成本效益评估与实施路径 5
四、继电保护装置实际应用与案例分析 5
（一）典型电力系统中继电保护装置的应用实践 5
（二）实际运行中常见问题及解决方案研究 6
（三）未来继电保护装置发展趋势与展望 6
结 论 7
致 谢 8
参考文献 9
