摘 要
随着全球对移动通信需求的持续增长，6G无线网络作为下一代通信技术的核心，正逐步成为学术界和产业界的研究热点。本文以6G无线网络的关键技术与发展趋势为研究对象，旨在探索其技术架构、核心创新以及未来发展方向。通过对现有5G技术的局限性分析，结合未来应用场景的需求预测，本文系统梳理了6G网络在超高频谱利用、人工智能融合、空天地一体化覆盖等方面的技术突破，并提出了基于多维度协同优化的设计框架。研究采用理论建模与仿真分析相结合的方法，评估了太赫兹通信、智能反射面、分布式计算等关键技术的性能潜力及其对网络整体效能的影响。结果表明，6G网络通过引入更高频段资源和智能化管理机制，能够显著提升传输速率、降低时延并增强连接可靠性，同时支持全息通信、沉浸式体验等新型业务场景。本文的主要贡献在于明确了6G网络的技术演进路径，揭示了其在跨领域融合中的关键作用，并为后续标准化工作提供了理论支撑与实践参考。未来研究将进一步聚焦于能耗优化、安全防护及可持续发展等方向，以推动6G技术在全球范围内的广泛应用与深度普及。
关键词：6G无线网络；关键技术；太赫兹通信；空天地一体化；智能化管理机制
Abstract
With the continuous growth of global demand for mobile communication, 6G wireless networks, as the core of the next-generation communication technology, are gradually becoming a research hotspot in both academia and industry. This paper focuses on the key technologies and development trends of 6G wireless networks, aiming to explore their technical architecture, core innovations, and future directions. By analyzing the limitations of existing 5G technologies and predicting the requirements of future application scenarios, this study systematically reviews the technological breakthroughs in ultra-high spectrum utilization, artificial intelligence integration, and integrated coverage of air, space, and ground networks. A design fr amework based on multi-dimensional collaborative optimization is proposed. The research employs a combination of theoretical modeling and simulation analysis to evaluate the performance potential of key technologies such as terahertz communication, intelligent reflecting surfaces, and distributed computing, as well as their impact on overall network efficiency. The results indicate that 6G networks, by introducing higher frequency band resources and intelligent management mechanisms, can significantly enhance transmission rates, reduce latency, and improve connection reliability while supporting new service scenarios such as holographic communication and immersive experiences. The primary contribution of this paper lies in clarifying the technological evolution path of 6G networks, revealing their critical role in cross-domain integration, and providing theoretical support and practical references for subsequent standardization efforts. Future research will further concentrate on energy consumption optimization, security protection, and sustainable development to promote the widespread application and deep popularization of 6G technology globally.
Keywords: 6G Wireless Network; Key Technology; Terahertz Communication; Space-Air-Ground Integration; Intelligent Management Mechanism
目 录
1绪论 1
1.16G无线网络研究的背景与意义 1
1.2当前6G技术的研究现状分析 1
1.3研究方法与技术路线设计 2
26G无线网络的关键技术体系 2
2.1太赫兹通信技术及其应用前景 2
2.2智能反射面技术的核心机制 3
2.3全息无线电技术的发展方向 3
2.4空天地一体化网络架构设计 4
36G无线网络的性能优化策略 4
3.1超大规模天线系统的性能提升 5
3.2网络切片技术在6G中的应用 5
3.3边缘计算与6G网络的深度融合 6
3.4AI驱动的资源分配与管理 6
46G无线网络的发展趋势与挑战 7
4.1未来6G应用场景的多元化发展 7
4.2数据安全与隐私保护的技术路径 7
4.3标准化进程中的国际合作机遇 8
4.4技术落地的经济与社会影响评估 8
结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
