摘 要
无线自组织网络作为一种无需基础设施支持的分布式通信系统，在军事、灾害救援和智能交通等领域具有重要应用价值，但其动态拓扑结构和资源受限特性对路由协议设计提出了严峻挑战为提高网络性能并满足实际需求，本文针对无线自组织网络的路由协议展开深入研究与改进首先分析了现有典型路由协议的工作原理及其优缺点，并结合应用场景特点提出了一种基于节点能量和链路质量的混合路由算法该算法通过综合评估节点剩余能量和链路稳定性，优化数据传输路径选择过程同时引入自适应阈值机制以降低控制开销并增强协议鲁棒性仿真结果表明，所提算法在包传递率、端到端延迟及能耗均衡性等方面均优于传统方法此外，针对大规模网络中路由扩展性问题，进一步设计了一种分簇路由策略，利用节点位置信息构建层次化网络架构，有效减少了路由发现时间并提升了系统可扩展性本研究不仅为无线自组织网络的路由协议优化提供了新思路，还为相关实际应用奠定了理论基础，具有重要的学术意义和工程价值
关键词：无线自组织网络；路由协议；节点能量；链路质量；分簇路由策略
Abstract
Wireless ad hoc networks, as infrastructure-less distributed communication systems, play a crucial role in various fields such as military operations, disaster relief, and intelligent transportation; however, their dynamic topology and resource-constrained characteristics pose significant challenges for routing protocol design. To enhance network performance and meet practical requirements, this study conducts an in-depth investigation and improvement of routing protocols for wireless ad hoc networks. It begins with an analysis of the working principles and advantages/disadvantages of existing typical routing protocols, followed by the proposal of a hybrid routing algorithm based on node energy and link quality, which integrates the assessment of residual node energy and link stability to optimize the data transmission path selection process. Additionally, an adaptive threshold mechanism is introduced to reduce control overhead and improve protocol robustness. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms traditional methods in terms of packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, and energy consumption balance. Furthermore, addressing the scalability issue in large-scale networks, a clustering-based routing strategy is designed, leveraging node location information to construct a hierarchical network architecture, thereby effectively reducing route discovery time and enhancing system scalability. This research not only provides new insights into the optimization of routing protocols for wireless ad hoc networks but also lays a theoretical foundation for relevant practical applications, showcasing significant academic implications and engineering value.
Keywords: Wireless Ad Hoc Network; Routing Protocol; Node Energy; Link Quality; Cluster-Based Routing Strategy
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1无线自组织网络的研究背景与意义 1
1.2路由协议研究的国内外现状分析 1
1.3本文研究方法与技术路线 2
2无线自组织网络路由协议基础分析 2
2.1自组织网络的基本概念与特性 2
2.2常见路由协议分类与特点 3
2.3路由协议性能评估指标体系 3
2.4现有路由协议存在的主要问题 4
3路由协议改进方案设计与优化 4
3.1改进目标与关键问题识别 5
3.2数据传输效率提升策略研究 5
3.3能耗优化机制的设计与实现 6
3.4安全性增强的技术路径探讨 6
3.5改进方案的整体架构设计 7
4改进路由协议的仿真与实验验证 7
4.1仿真环境搭建与参数设置 7
4.2性能对比分析与结果讨论 8
4.3实验数据采集与处理方法 8
4.4改进效果评估与局限性分析 9
4.5进一步优化方向的探索 9
结论 10
参考文献 11
致 谢 12
