摘 要
随着现代电力电子技术的快速发展，非线性负荷在电力系统中的广泛应用导致谐波问题日益突出，这对电网的安全稳定运行构成了严重威胁。本文旨在深入探讨电力系统中谐波的产生机理、传播特性及其对设备和系统的潜在危害，并提出针对性的治理措施。研究通过理论分析与仿真建模相结合的方法，详细考察了典型非线性负荷的谐波注入特性，并结合实际电网数据评估了谐波污染的程度及影响范围。结果表明，谐波不仅会降低电能质量，还可能引发设备过热、绝缘老化以及保护装置误动作等问题，从而显著增加系统故障风险。针对上述问题，本文创新性地提出了一种基于自适应滤波算法的谐波抑制策略，该方法能够实时跟踪并补偿谐波分量，同时具备较高的鲁棒性和经济性。此外，研究还结合多目标优化理论设计了一套综合评估体系，用于指导谐波治理方案的选择与实施。最终结论显示，所提出的治理措施在实际应用中表现出优异的性能，可有效降低谐波畸变率，提升电力系统的整体运行效率。本研究为谐波问题的解决提供了新的思路和技术支持，对促进电力系统的可持续发展具有重要意义。
关键词：谐波抑制；非线性负荷；自适应滤波算法；电能质量；多目标优化
ABSTRACT
With the rapid development of modern power electronics technology, the widespread application of nonlinear loads in power systems has led to increasingly prominent harmonic issues, posing a severe threat to the safe and stable operation of the grid. This paper aims to thoroughly investigate the generation mechanism, propagation characteristics, and potential hazards of harmonics in power systems, while proposing targeted mitigation measures. By integrating theoretical analysis with simulation modeling, the study examines the harmonic injection characteristics of typical nonlinear loads and evaluates the extent and impact range of harmonic pollution using actual grid data. The results indicate that harmonics not only degrade power quality but may also cause equipment overheating, insulation aging, and malfunctions of protection devices, thereby significantly increasing the risk of system failures. In response to these challenges, this paper innovatively proposes a harmonic suppression strategy based on an adaptive filtering algorithm, which can track and compensate harmonic components in real time, demonstrating high robustness and cost-effectiveness. Additionally, incorporating multi-ob jective optimization theory, the study designs a comprehensive evaluation system to guide the selection and implementation of harmonic mitigation solutions. The final conclusions show that the proposed measures exhibit excellent performance in practical applications, effectively reducing harmonic distortion rates and enhancing the overall operational efficiency of power systems. This research provides new insights and technical support for addressing harmonic problems, contributing significantly to the sustainable development of power systems.
Keywords: Harmonic Suppression; Nonlinear Load; Adaptive Filtering Algorithm; Power Quality; Multi-ob jective Optimization
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 电力系统谐波研究背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外谐波研究现状分析 1
1.3 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 谐波的产生机制与特性分析 3
2.1 非线性负载对谐波的影响 3
2.2 谐波产生的主要来源分类 3
2.3 谐波频率与幅值特性研究 4
2.4 谐波传播路径及其影响因素 4
第3章 谐波对电力系统的危害评估 6
3.1 谐波对电网设备性能的影响 6
3.2 谐波引发的电能质量问题分析 6
3.3 谐波对继电保护系统的影响 7
3.4 谐波导致的能耗增加与经济损失 7
第4章 谐波治理措施与技术应用 9
4.1 无源滤波器的设计与优化 9
4.2 有源滤波器的应用与效果评估 9
4.3 混合滤波技术的研究进展 10
4.4 谐波治理中的智能控制策略 10
结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
