摘 要
电力系统短路电流计算与保护整定是保障电网安全稳定运行的核心技术之一，随着现代电网规模的不断扩大和复杂性的增加，传统方法在应对新型电力系统特性时面临诸多挑战。为此，本文以提升短路电流计算精度及优化继电保护整定策略为目标，深入研究了适用于复杂电网环境下的短路电流分析方法及其在保护整定中的应用。研究首先基于对称分量法和节点导纳矩阵理论，提出了一种改进的短路电流计算模型，该模型能够有效考虑分布式电源接入、柔性交流输电系统（FACTS）装置以及直流输电系统的影响，从而显著提高了计算结果的准确性与适用性。其次，结合人工智能算法，开发了一种自适应保护整定方法，通过引入机器学习技术对电网运行状态进行实时监测与评估，实现了保护定值的动态调整，大幅提升了保护系统的可靠性和灵敏度。研究成果表明，所提出的短路电流计算模型能够在多种故障场景下提供高精度的结果，而自适应整定方法则有效解决了传统固定整定方式在复杂电网中的局限性。本文的主要创新点在于将传统电力系统分析方法与现代智能技术相结合，为复杂电网环境下的短路电流计算与保护整定提供了新的解决方案，其研究成果对推动新型电力系统的发展具有重要的理论价值和工程意义。
关键词：短路电流计算；继电保护整定；分布式电源；人工智能算法；节点导纳矩阵
ABSTRACT
Short-circuit current calculation and protection setting in power systems are among the core technologies for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the grid. With the continuous expansion and increasing complexity of modern grids, traditional methods face numerous challenges in addressing the characteristics of new power systems. To this end, this study aims to enhance the accuracy of short-circuit current calculations and optimize relay protection setting strategies by investigating analysis methods applicable to complex grid environments and their applications in protection settings. Based on symmetrical component theory and nodal admittance matrix theory, an improved short-circuit current calculation model is proposed, which effectively considers the impacts of distributed generation integration, flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices, and direct current transmission systems, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and applicability of the calculation results. Furthermore, an adaptive protection setting method is developed by integrating artificial intelligence algorithms. This method employs machine learning techniques to monitor and evaluate the real-time operating status of the grid, enabling dynamic adjustment of protection settings and substantially enhancing the reliability and sensitivity of the protection system. The research findings indicate that the proposed short-circuit current calculation model provides highly accurate results across various fault scenarios, while the adaptive setting method effectively addresses the limitations of traditional fixed-setting approaches in complex grids. The primary innovation of this study lies in combining traditional power system analysis methods with modern intelligent technologies, offering novel solutions for short-circuit current calculations and protection settings in complex grid environments. These research outcomes hold significant theoretical value and engineering implications for advancing the development of new power systems.
Keywords: Short Circuit Current Calculation; Relay Protection Setting; Distributed Power Supply; Artificial Intelligence Algorithm; Node Admittance Matrix
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 电力系统短路电流计算的研究背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外短路电流计算与保护整定研究现状 1
1.3 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 短路电流计算理论基础 3
2.1 短路电流的基本概念与分类 3
2.2 对称分量法在短路计算中的应用 3
2.3 短路电流的影响因素分析 4
2.4 不同类型短路的计算方法 4
第3章 短路电流计算的实际应用 6
3.1 实际电力系统的等效电路建模 6
3.2 短路容量与短路水平的评估方法 6
3.3 基于软件工具的短路电流仿真分析 7
3.4 特殊场景下的短路电流计算案例 7
第4章 保护整定方法研究 9
4.1 继电保护的基本原理与要求 9
4.2 保护整定的计算方法与步骤 9
4.3 短路电流对保护整定的影响分析 10
4.4 典型保护装置的整定策略优化 10
结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
