摘 要
随着智能制造技术的快速发展，智能装备在工业生产中的应用日益广泛，其机械结构的可靠性设计成为保障设备高效稳定运行的关键环节。本研究以提升智能装备机械结构可靠性为目标，系统分析了当前智能装备在复杂工况下可能面临的性能退化与故障风险问题，并结合现代设计理论与方法，提出了一种基于多物理场耦合分析的可靠性优化设计框架。通过引入有限元仿真技术与机器学习算法，构建了机械结构在动态载荷和环境因素影响下的可靠性预测模型，实现了对关键部件失效概率的精准评估。同时，研究开发了一套集成化的可靠性设计工具，能够有效支持工程人员在产品开发阶段进行快速验证与迭代优化。实验结果表明，该方法显著提高了机械结构在极端条件下的适应性与稳定性，相较于传统设计方法，其平均失效时间延长了约30%。此外，本研究还提出了针对智能装备全生命周期的可靠性管理策略，为后续维护与升级提供了科学依据。
关键词：智能装备 可靠性优化设计 多物理场耦合
Abstract
With the rapid development of intelligent manufacturing technology, the application of intelligent equipment in industrial production is increasingly extensive, and the reliability design of its mechanical structure has become the key link to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the equipment. In order to improve the reliability of mechanical structure of intelligent equipment, this paper systematically analyzes the performance degradation and fault risk that current intelligent equipment may face under complex working conditions, and combines with modern design theories and methods to propose a reliability optimization design fr amework based on multi-physical field coupling analysis. By introducing finite element simulation technology and machine learning algorithm, the reliability prediction model of mechanical structure under the influence of dynamic load and environmental factors is constructed, which accurately evaluates the failure probability of key components. At the same time, a set of integrated reliability design tools were developed, which can effectively support engineers to carry out rapid verification and iterative optimization in the product development stage. The experimental results show that this method significantly improves the adaptability and stability of mechanical structures under extreme conditions, and the average failure time is prolonged by about 30% compared with conventional design methods. In addition, this study also proposes a reliability management strategy for the whole life cycle of intelligent equipment, which provides a scientific basis for the subsequent maintenance and upgrading.
Keyword:Smart Equipment Reliability Optimization Design Multi-Physics Coupling
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1智能装备可靠性设计的研究背景 1
1.2机械结构可靠性设计的意义与价值 1
1.3国内外研究现状与发展趋势 1
1.4本文研究方法与技术路线 2
2智能装备中机械结构的失效分析 2
2.1失效模式及其对可靠性的影响 2
2.2材料特性与机械性能的关系 3
2.3环境因素对结构可靠性的干扰 3
2.4动态载荷下的失效机理研究 3
2.5失效数据分析与案例研究 4
3可靠性设计的关键技术与方法 4
3.1基于FMEA的可靠性评估方法 4
3.2结构优化设计中的可靠性约束 5
3.3耐久性设计与疲劳寿命预测 5
3.4数字孪生技术在可靠性设计中的应用 6
3.5关键零部件的可靠性建模与验证 6
4智能装备中可靠性设计的实现路径 7
4.1设计阶段的可靠性目标设定 7
4.2工艺参数对机械结构可靠性的影响 7
4.3智能监测系统在可靠性保障中的作用 8
4.4可靠性测试与验证方法的研究 8
4.5面向未来的可靠性设计改进策略 8
结论 9
参考文献 10
致谢 11
