摘 要
伺服控制技术在现代机械传动系统中扮演着至关重要的角色，其精度直接影响到系统的整体性能和应用效果。随着工业自动化水平的不断提升，对机械传动系统的动态响应和定位精度提出了更高要求。为此，本研究聚焦于伺服控制在机械传动系统中的精度提升问题，旨在通过优化控制算法和改进系统结构设计，实现更高的控制精度与稳定性。研究采用理论分析与实验验证相结合的方法，首先建立了机械传动系统的动力学模型，并结合非线性因素的影响进行深入分析；其次，提出了一种基于自适应模糊PID的新型伺服控制策略，该策略能够有效应对系统参数变化及外部扰动带来的影响；最后，通过搭建实验平台对所提方法进行验证。结果表明，相较于传统PID控制方法，所提出的控制策略显著提升了系统的静态和动态性能，在定位精度、跟踪误差以及抗干扰能力等方面均表现出明显优势。本研究的主要创新点在于将自适应模糊控制与经典PID控制有机结合，实现了控制参数的实时调整，从而提高了系统的鲁棒性和适应性。此外，研究还探讨了不同工况下控制策略的适用性，为实际工程应用提供了有价值的参考。总体而言，本研究为机械传动系统的高精度伺服控制提供了一种可行且高效的解决方案，具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。
关键词：伺服控制；自适应模糊PID；机械传动系统
Abstract: Servo control technology plays a critical role in modern mechanical transmission systems, and its accuracy directly affects the overall performance and application effectiveness of the system. With the continuous improvement of industrial automation levels, higher requirements have been placed on the dynamic response and positioning accuracy of mechanical transmission systems. In response to this challenge, this study focuses on enhancing the precision of servo control in mechanical transmission systems by optimizing control algorithms and improving system structural design, aiming to achieve higher control accuracy and stability. A combination of theoretical analysis and experimental validation was employed in this research. Firstly, a dynamic model of the mechanical transmission system was established, and an in-depth analysis was conducted considering the influence of nonlinear factors. Secondly, a novel servo control strategy based on adaptive fuzzy PID was proposed, which effectively addresses the impacts of system parameter variations and external disturbances. Finally, an experimental platform was constructed to validate the proposed method. The results demonstrate that, compared with traditional PID control methods, the proposed control strategy significantly improves both the static and dynamic performance of the system, showing distinct advantages in terms of positioning accuracy, tracking error, and disturbance rejection capability. The primary innovation of this study lies in the organic integration of adaptive fuzzy control with classical PID control, enabling real-time adjustment of control parameters and thereby enhancing the robustness and adaptability of the system. Additionally, the applicability of the control strategy under different operating conditions was explored, providing valuable references for practical engineering applications. Overall, this study offers a feasible and efficient solution for high-precision servo control in mechanical transmission systems, possessing significant theoretical implications and practical value.
Keywords: Servo Control; Adaptive FuzzyPid; Mechanical Transmission System
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1伺服控制与机械传动系统精度提升的研究背景 1
1.2伺服控制在机械传动系统中的研究现状分析 1
1.3提升机械传动系统精度的关键技术挑战 1
1.4本文研究方法与技术路线设计 2
2伺服控制系统的基本原理与性能分析 2
2.1伺服控制系统的组成与功能特性 2
2.2影响机械传动系统精度的主要伺服参数 3
2.3伺服控制算法对系统精度的影响机制 3
2.4典型伺服控制策略的对比分析 4
2.5提高伺服控制精度的技术改进方向 5
3机械传动系统误差来源及补偿策略研究 5
3.1机械传动系统中误差的分类与成因分析 5
3.2基于伺服控制的误差检测与建模方法 6
3.3动态误差补偿的伺服控制实现方式 6
3.4静态误差校正与伺服控制的结合应用 7
3.5综合补偿策略对系统精度的提升效果评估 7
4伺服控制优化方法及其在精度提升中的应用 8
4.1伺服控制优化的目标与约束条件设定 8
4.2智能优化算法在伺服控制中的适用性分析 9
4.3参数自适应调整对伺服控制精度的影响 9
4.4实时优化策略在机械传动系统中的实施路径 10
4.5优化后伺服控制系统的精度验证与性能评价 10
结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
