中文摘要
随着社会对数学应用能力要求的不断提高，小学数学教学中如何有效培养学生解决实际问题的能力成为教育领域的研究热点。本研究旨在探讨小学数学教学中学生数学应用能力的培养策略及其实施效果，通过系统分析当前小学数学教学中存在的问题，提出以情境教学、问题导向和实践探究为核心的综合教学模式。研究采用准实验设计方法，在某地区选取两所小学的四年级学生作为研究对象，分为实验组和对照组，实验组实施创新教学模式，而对照组则沿用传统教学方法。经过为期一学期的教学干预，通过对学生的测试成绩、课堂表现及问卷调查数据的定量与定性分析，发现实验组学生在数学应用能力方面显著优于对照组，特别是在解决复杂问题和跨学科整合能力上表现出明显优势。研究结果表明，基于情境与实践的教学模式能够有效提升学生的数学应用能力，同时激发其学习兴趣和自主性。本研究的主要贡献在于提出了一个可操作性强且适用于小学阶段的数学应用能力培养框架，并验证了其可行性和有效性，为未来小学数学教学改革提供了理论支持和实践参考。
关键词：数学应用能力；情境教学；问题导向；实践探究；小学数学教学
Abstract
With the increasing societal demand for mathematical application skills, how to effectively cultivate students' ability to solve real-world problems in primary mathematics education has become a research hotspot in the educational field. This study aims to explore strategies for fostering mathematical application skills in primary school mathematics teaching and assess their implementation effects by systematically analyzing existing issues in current primary mathematics instruction. A comprehensive teaching model centered on situational teaching, problem-oriented learning, and practical inquiry is proposed. The study employs a quasi-experimental design, selecting fourth-grade students from two primary schools in a specific region as research participants, divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group was taught using the innovative teaching model, while the control group followed traditional teaching methods. After a semester-long teaching intervention, quantitative and qualitative analyses of students' test scores, classroom performance, and questionnaire survey data revealed that students in the experimental group significantly outperformed those in the control group in terms of mathematical application skills, particularly in solving complex problems and interdisciplinary integration capabilities. The results indicate that a teaching model based on situational and practical approaches can effectively enhance students' mathematical application skills while stimulating their interest and autonomy in learning. The primary contribution of this study lies in proposing an operational fr amework for cultivating mathematical application skills suitable for the primary education stage, validating its feasibility and effectiveness, and providing theoretical support and practical references for future reforms in primary mathematics education.
Key words：Mathematical Application Ability; Situational Teaching; Problem-Oriented; Practical Inquiry; Primary School Mathematics Teaching
