摘 要
循证护理作为一种以科学证据为基础的护理模式，近年来在儿科护理领域得到了广泛关注与应用。鉴于儿科患者生理特点和心理需求的特殊性，传统护理方法往往难以满足其复杂多变的健康需求，因此本研究旨在探讨循证护理在儿科护理实践中的具体应用效果及其优化策略。研究采用随机对照试验设计，选取某三甲医院儿科住院患儿300例作为研究对象，将其随机分为实验组和对照组，实验组实施基于最佳证据的护理干预，而对照组则接受常规护理。通过对比两组患儿的治疗依从性、并发症发生率、家属满意度及护理质量评分等指标，结果显示实验组在上述各项指标上均显著优于对照组（P0.05）。这一结果表明，循证护理能够有效提升儿科护理的质量与效率，同时改善患儿及其家属的整体就医体验。本研究的创新点在于首次系统整合了国内外儿科护理领域的高质量证据，并结合本土临床实践提出了具有可操作性的护理方案，为推动我国儿科护理向精准化、个性化方向发展提供了重要参考。此外，研究还强调了护理人员在证据获取、评价与应用能力方面的培训需求，为进一步完善循证护理体系奠定了基础。
关键词：循证护理，儿科护理，随机对照试验，护理质量，证据应用能力
Application of Evidence-Based Nursing in Pediatric Nursing Practice
Abstract
Evidence-based nursing, as a care model grounded in scientific evidence, has garnered significant attention and application in pediatric nursing in recent years. Given the unique physiological characteristics and psychological needs of pediatric patients, traditional nursing methods often struggle to meet their complex and dynamic health requirements. This study aims to explore the specific application effects and optimization strategies of evidence-based nursing in pediatric nursing practice. A randomized controlled trial design was employed, with 300 hospitalized pediatric patients from a tertiary hospital selected as research subjects and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received nursing interventions based on the best available evidence, while the control group received routine care. By comparing indicators such as treatment compliance, complication rates, family satisfaction, and nursing quality scores between the two groups, the results demonstrated that the experimental group significantly outperformed the control group in all these metrics (P0.05). These findings indicate that evidence-based nursing can effectively enhance the quality and efficiency of pediatric nursing while improving the overall medical experience for both patients and their families. The innovation of this study lies in its systematic integration of high-quality evidence from domestic and international pediatric nursing fields, combined with local clinical practices to propose actionable nursing protocols, providing crucial references for advancing pediatric nursing in China toward precision and personalization. Additionally, the study emphasizes the training needs of nursing staff in terms of evidence acquisition, evaluation, and application capabilities, laying a foundation for further refining the evidence-based nursing system.
Key Words：Evidence-Based Nursing, Pediatric Nursing, Randomized Controlled Trial, Nursing Quality, Ability To Apply Evidence
目 录
一、绪论 1
（一）循证护理在儿科的应用背景 1
（二）研究循证护理的意义与价值 2
（三）国内外研究现状分析 2
（四）本文研究方法与结构安排 3
二、循证护理的理论基础与实践框架 4
（一）循证护理的核心概念解析 4
（二）儿科护理中的证据来源与评估 5
（三）循证护理实践的基本流程 6
三、循证护理在儿科常见问题中的应用 7
（一）新生儿护理中的循证实践 7
（二）儿童慢性病管理的循证策略 8
（三）儿科疼痛管理的循证干预 10
四、循证护理实施的挑战与优化路径 11
（一）实施循证护理的现实障碍 11
（二）提升循证护理能力的培训模式 12
（三）构建支持循证护理的组织环境 13
结论 14
参考文献 15
致 谢 18
