摘 要
癌症是全球范围内威胁人类健康的严重疾病，患者在治疗过程中常面临心理压力、情绪障碍等问题，这些问题显著影响其生活质量。为探讨心理护理对癌症患者生活质量的影响，本研究以200名癌症患者为研究对象，采用随机对照试验设计，分为干预组和对照组。干预组接受为期12周的心理护理干预，包括认知行为疗法、情绪管理训练和支持性心理辅导，而对照组仅接受常规护理。通过生活质量量表（QLQ-C30）及抑郁焦虑量表（HADS）评估两组患者的心理状态和生活质量变化。结果显示，干预组患者的生活质量总评分显著高于对照组，抑郁和焦虑症状的改善程度也更为明显，差异具有统计学意义（P0.05）。此外，心理护理显著提升了患者的自我效能感和社会功能水平。本研究创新性地将系统化心理护理方案应用于癌症患者群体，并验证了其在改善患者心理健康和生活质量方面的有效性，为临床护理实践提供了科学依据和参考价值。这一研究成果强调了心理护理在综合治疗中的重要地位，为提升癌症患者的整体健康水平开辟了新路径。
关键词：心理护理，癌症患者，生活质量，认知行为疗法，抑郁焦虑症状
The Impact of Psychological Nursing on the Quality of Life in Cancer Patients
Abstract
Cancer is a severe disease threatening human health globally, and patients often encounter psychological stress and emotional disorders during treatment, which significantly affect their quality of life. To investigate the impact of psychological nursing on the quality of life of cancer patients, this study recruited 200 cancer patients and adopted a randomized controlled trial design, dividing them into an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group received a 12-week psychological nursing intervention, including cognitive behavioral therapy, emotion management training, and supportive psychological counseling, while the control group only received routine care. The psychological status and changes in quality of life of both groups were assessed using the Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The results showed that the overall quality of life scores of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group, with more pronounced improvements in depressive and anxiety symptoms, and the differences were statistically significant (P0.05). Moreover, psychological nursing significantly enhanced the self-efficacy and social functioning levels of the patients. This study innovatively applied a systematic psychological nursing program to the cancer patient population and verified its effectiveness in improving mental health and quality of life, providing scientific evidence and reference value for clinical nursing practice. This research outcome underscores the critical role of psychological nursing in comprehensive treatment and opens new avenues for enhancing the overall health of cancer patients.
Key Words：Psychological Nursing, Cancer Patients, Quality Of Life, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Depression And Anxiety Symptoms
目 录
一、绪论 1
（一）研究背景与意义 1
（二）国内外研究现状分析 2
（三）研究方法与技术路线 3
二、心理护理的理论基础与实践框架 3
（一）心理护理的核心概念界定 4
（二）心理护理的理论支持体系 5
（三）心理护理在癌症患者中的应用模式 6
三、心理护理对癌症患者生活质量的影响机制 7
（一）癌症患者生活质量的评估维度 7
（二）心理护理对情绪状态的改善作用 8
（三）心理护理对社会功能的支持效果 9
（四）心理护理对生理健康的间接影响 10
四、心理护理实施的效果评价与优化策略 11
（一）心理护理干预的实际案例分析 11
（二）心理护理效果的量化评估方法 12
（三）提升心理护理有效性的关键因素 13
（四）心理护理未来发展的改进方向 14
结论 15
参考文献 17
致 谢 19
