中文摘要：随着教育改革的深入推进，小组合作学习作为一种重要的教学模式在小学课堂中得到了广泛应用，但其实施过程中仍存在分组不合理、任务分配不均及评价机制单一等问题。本研究旨在探索优化小学课堂中小组合作学习的具体策略，以提升学生的学习效果和团队协作能力。研究采用问卷调查、课堂观察与访谈相结合的方法，选取某市三所小学共计600名学生及30名教师为研究对象，系统分析了当前小组合作学习中存在的问题及其成因。研究结果表明，通过科学设计小组结构、明确任务分工、引入多元评价体系以及加强教师指导等措施，可以显著提高小组合作学习的有效性。
关键词：小组合作学习；优化策略；动态分组模型
Abstract：With the deepening of educational reform, group cooperative learning, as an important teaching mode, has been widely used in primary school classroom, but there are still problems in unreasonable grouping, uneven task distribution and single evaluation mechanism. This study aims to explore specific strategies to optimize group cooperative learning in the school classroom to enhance students' learning outcomes and teamwork. Using the combination of questionnaire survey, classroom observation and interview, 600 students and 30 teachers from three primary schools in a city were selected as the research ob jects to systematically analyze the problems existing in the current group cooperative learning and their causes. The results show that the effectiveness of group cooperative learning can be significantly improved by scientifically designing group structure, clarifying task division, introducing multiple evaluation system and strengthening teacher guidance.
Key words：Group Cooperative Learning; Optimization Strategy; Dynamic Grouping Model
关键词：小组合作学习；优化策略；动态分组模型
Abstract：With the deepening of educational reform, group cooperative learning, as an important teaching mode, has been widely used in primary school classroom, but there are still problems in unreasonable grouping, uneven task distribution and single evaluation mechanism. This study aims to explore specific strategies to optimize group cooperative learning in the school classroom to enhance students' learning outcomes and teamwork. Using the combination of questionnaire survey, classroom observation and interview, 600 students and 30 teachers from three primary schools in a city were selected as the research ob jects to systematically analyze the problems existing in the current group cooperative learning and their causes. The results show that the effectiveness of group cooperative learning can be significantly improved by scientifically designing group structure, clarifying task division, introducing multiple evaluation system and strengthening teacher guidance.
Key words：Group Cooperative Learning; Optimization Strategy; Dynamic Grouping Model
