增材制造技术在复杂机械零件制造中的应用
摘要
增材制造技术作为先进制造领域的重要分支，近年来在复杂机械零件制造方面展现出巨大潜力。传统制造工艺在加工复杂结构时面临诸多限制，而增材制造凭借其逐层累加的成型原理，能够实现复杂几何形状零件的一体化制造。本文旨在探讨增材制造技术在复杂机械零件制造中的应用现状及发展趋势，通过分析现有研究文献和技术报告，结合实际案例研究，系统评估了该技术在航空航天、汽车工业等关键领域的应用效果。研究发现，增材制造不仅显著提高了零件设计自由度，还有效降低了材料浪费和生产周期。特别是金属粉末床熔融技术和定向能量沉积技术的应用，突破了传统制造工艺的局限性，实现了高性能复杂结构件的高效制造。通过对典型零件制造过程的仿真分析与实验验证，证明了增材制造在提高零件性能、优化结构设计方面的优势。研究结果表明，增材制造技术为复杂机械零件制造提供了全新的解决方案，特别是在轻量化设计、功能集成等方面展现出独特价值。本文创新性地提出了基于增材制造的复杂零件一体化设计方法，并建立了相应的评价体系，为推动该技术在工业领域的广泛应用奠定了理论基础。
关键词：增材制造；复杂机械零件；金属粉末床熔融
Abstract
Additive manufacturing technology, as a significant branch of advanced manufacturing, has demonstrated considerable potential in the fabrication of complex mechanical components in recent years. Conventional manufacturing processes encounter numerous limitations when processing complex structures, whereas additive manufacturing, leveraging its layer-by-layer formation principle, enables the integrated production of parts with intricate geometries. This paper aims to investigate the current application status and development trends of additive manufacturing technology in the production of complex mechanical parts. Through an analysis of existing research literature and technical reports, combined with case studies, this study systematically evaluates the application effects of this technology in critical sectors such as aerospace and automotive industries. The findings reveal that additive manufacturing not only significantly enhances design freedom for parts but also effectively reduces material waste and production cycles. Specifically, the application of me tal powder bed fusion and directed energy deposition technologies has transcended the constraints of traditional manufacturing processes, achieving efficient production of high-performance complex structural components. Simulation analysis and experimental validation of typical part manufacturing processes have confirmed the advantages of additive manufacturing in improving part performance and optimizing structural design. The results indicate that additive manufacturing technology provides a novel solution for the production of complex mechanical parts, particularly showcasing unique value in lightweight design and functional integration. Innovatively, this paper proposes an integrated design method for complex parts based on additive manufacturing and establishes a corresponding evaluation system, laying a theoretical foundation for promoting the widespread application of this technology in industrial fields.
Keywords：Additive Manufacturing; Complex Mechanical Components; me tal Powder Bed Fusion
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状 1
(三) 研究方法与技术路线 2
二、增材制造技术概述 2
(一) 增材制造基本原理 2
(二) 主要增材制造工艺 3
(三) 增材制造材料特性 3
三、复杂机械零件设计优化 4
(一) 设计自由度提升 4
(二) 轻量化结构设计 5
(三) 功能集成化设计 5
四、制造过程与质量控制 6
(一) 工艺参数优化 6
(二) 缺陷检测与分析 7
(三) 表面处理与后处理 7
结 论 9
参考文献 10
摘要
增材制造技术作为先进制造领域的重要分支，近年来在复杂机械零件制造方面展现出巨大潜力。传统制造工艺在加工复杂结构时面临诸多限制，而增材制造凭借其逐层累加的成型原理，能够实现复杂几何形状零件的一体化制造。本文旨在探讨增材制造技术在复杂机械零件制造中的应用现状及发展趋势，通过分析现有研究文献和技术报告，结合实际案例研究，系统评估了该技术在航空航天、汽车工业等关键领域的应用效果。研究发现，增材制造不仅显著提高了零件设计自由度，还有效降低了材料浪费和生产周期。特别是金属粉末床熔融技术和定向能量沉积技术的应用，突破了传统制造工艺的局限性，实现了高性能复杂结构件的高效制造。通过对典型零件制造过程的仿真分析与实验验证，证明了增材制造在提高零件性能、优化结构设计方面的优势。研究结果表明，增材制造技术为复杂机械零件制造提供了全新的解决方案，特别是在轻量化设计、功能集成等方面展现出独特价值。本文创新性地提出了基于增材制造的复杂零件一体化设计方法，并建立了相应的评价体系，为推动该技术在工业领域的广泛应用奠定了理论基础。
关键词：增材制造；复杂机械零件；金属粉末床熔融
Abstract
Additive manufacturing technology, as a significant branch of advanced manufacturing, has demonstrated considerable potential in the fabrication of complex mechanical components in recent years. Conventional manufacturing processes encounter numerous limitations when processing complex structures, whereas additive manufacturing, leveraging its layer-by-layer formation principle, enables the integrated production of parts with intricate geometries. This paper aims to investigate the current application status and development trends of additive manufacturing technology in the production of complex mechanical parts. Through an analysis of existing research literature and technical reports, combined with case studies, this study systematically evaluates the application effects of this technology in critical sectors such as aerospace and automotive industries. The findings reveal that additive manufacturing not only significantly enhances design freedom for parts but also effectively reduces material waste and production cycles. Specifically, the application of me tal powder bed fusion and directed energy deposition technologies has transcended the constraints of traditional manufacturing processes, achieving efficient production of high-performance complex structural components. Simulation analysis and experimental validation of typical part manufacturing processes have confirmed the advantages of additive manufacturing in improving part performance and optimizing structural design. The results indicate that additive manufacturing technology provides a novel solution for the production of complex mechanical parts, particularly showcasing unique value in lightweight design and functional integration. Innovatively, this paper proposes an integrated design method for complex parts based on additive manufacturing and establishes a corresponding evaluation system, laying a theoretical foundation for promoting the widespread application of this technology in industrial fields.
Keywords：Additive Manufacturing; Complex Mechanical Components; me tal Powder Bed Fusion
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状 1
(三) 研究方法与技术路线 2
二、增材制造技术概述 2
(一) 增材制造基本原理 2
(二) 主要增材制造工艺 3
(三) 增材制造材料特性 3
三、复杂机械零件设计优化 4
(一) 设计自由度提升 4
(二) 轻量化结构设计 5
(三) 功能集成化设计 5
四、制造过程与质量控制 6
(一) 工艺参数优化 6
(二) 缺陷检测与分析 7
(三) 表面处理与后处理 7
结 论 9
参考文献 10
