摘 要
高速切削加工技术在现代制造业中发挥着至关重要的作用，对刀具材料性能的研究有助于提升加工效率和质量。本研究旨在比较不同刀具材料在高速切削加工中的性能表现，选取硬质合金、陶瓷、立方氮化硼和聚晶金刚石作为研究对象，基于硬度、耐磨性、耐热性等关键性能指标展开分析。通过实验测试与理论计算相结合的方法，构建了多因素耦合的评价体系，以全面评估各材料的综合性能。结果表明，在硬度方面，聚晶金刚石最高，立方氮化硼次之；耐磨性上，聚晶金刚石同样表现出色，陶瓷相对较差；耐热性则为立方氮化硼最优。创新点在于引入多因素耦合评价体系，突破单一性能考量的局限，更准确地反映刀具材料实际应用中的性能差异。
关 键 词：高速切削加工；刀具材料性能；聚晶金刚石
Performance comparison of tool materials in high-speed cutting
ABSTRACT
High-speed cutting technology plays a vital role in modern manufacturing, and research on tool material properties helps to improve processing efficiency and quality. The purpose of this study is to compare the performance of different tool materials in high-speed cutting. Tungsten carbide, ceramics, cubic boron nitride and polycrystalline diamond are selected as the research ob jects, and the analysis is carried out based on the key performance indicators such as hardness, wear resistance and heat resistance. A multi-factor coupled evaluation system was established by combining experimental test and theoretical calculation to evaluate the comprehensive properties of each material. The results show that in terms of hardness, polycrystalline diamond is the highest, followed by cubic boron nitride. In terms of wear resistance, polycrystalline diamond also performs well, while ceramics are relatively poor; The heat resistance of cubic boron nitride is the best. The innovation point is to introduce a multi-factor coupled evaluation system to break through the limitations of a single performance consideration and more accurately reflect the performance differences in the actual application of tool materials.
KEY WORDS：High-speed cutting; Tool material properties; Polycrystalline diamond
目 录
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 高速切削加工的背景与意义 1
1.2 刀具材料性能比较的研究现状 1
第2章 刀具材料的物理特性分析 3
2.1 硬度对高速切削的影响 3
2.2 耐热性与切削速度的关系 3
2.3 材料韧性与抗冲击能力 4
第3章 刀具材料的化学稳定性评估 6
3.1 化学成分对耐磨性的影响 6
3.2 抗氧化性能对比分析 6
3.3 对不同工件材料的适应性 7
第4章 刀具材料在实际应用中的表现 9
4.1 加工精度与表面质量 9
4.2 刀具寿命与经济效益 9
4.3 特殊工况下的性能表现 10
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
