摘 要
早产儿作为特殊群体，其健康与发展备受关注，母乳喂养对早产儿的生长发育具有不可替代的作用。本研究旨在探讨促进早产儿母乳喂养的有效策略及构建完善的护理支持体系。基于国内外相关研究成果，结合临床实际情况，采用文献分析法、问卷调查法与访谈法等多方法综合运用，选取某三甲医院新生儿科为研究现场，以120名早产儿及其母亲为研究对象，深入探究影响早产儿母乳喂养的因素。结果表明，早产儿母乳喂养面临诸多挑战，如母婴分离、母亲泌乳不足、喂养技能缺乏等，而建立专业的护理团队提供个性化指导、优化医院环境实现母婴同室、利用现代信息技术加强家庭与医院之间的沟通交流等措施能有效提高早产儿母乳喂养率。本研究创新性地提出从社会 - 心理 - 生理多维度构建早产儿母乳喂养护理支持体系，不仅为医护人员开展早产儿母乳喂养工作提供了理论依据和实践参考，也为改善早产儿健康状况、减轻家庭和社会负担作出积极贡献。
关键词：早产儿母乳喂养；护理支持体系；母婴分离；泌乳不足；喂养技能缺乏
Abstract
Premature infants, as a special population, have garnered significant attention regarding their health and development, with breastfeeding playing an irreplaceable role in their growth and development. This study aims to explore effective strategies to promote breastfeeding among premature infants and establish a comprehensive nursing support system. Based on domestic and international research findings and clinical realities, this study employs a combination of literature analysis, questionnaire surveys, and interviews, selecting the neonatal department of a tertiary hospital as the research site, with 120 premature infants and their mothers as subjects, to thoroughly investigate factors influencing breastfeeding among premature infants. The results indicate that breastfeeding for premature infants faces numerous challenges, such as mother-infant separation, insufficient maternal lactation, and lack of feeding skills. However, measures such as establishing a professional nursing team to provide personalized guidance, optimizing the hospital environment to enable rooming-in, and utilizing modern information technology to enhance communication between families and hospitals can effectively increase breastfeeding rates among premature infants. This study innovatively proposes constructing a multidimensional breastfeeding nursing support system for premature infants from social, psychological, and physiological perspectives, providing theoretical foundations and practical references for healthcare professionals conducting breastfeeding work with premature infants, while also making positive contributions to improving the health status of premature infants and alleviating the burden on families and society.
Keywords：Premature Infant Breastfeeding；Nursing Support System；Mother-Infant Separation；Insufficient Lactation；Lack Of Feeding Skills
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 早产儿母乳喂养的现状与挑战 2
1.1 早产儿母乳喂养率分析 2
1.2 母乳喂养面临的障碍 2
1.3 现有支持体系的不足 3
第二章 母乳喂养促进策略的构建 4
2.1 喂养知识普及教育 4
2.2 医护人员培训体系 4
2.3 家庭参与模式探索 5
第三章 护理支持体系的优化路径 6
3.1 个性化护理方案制定 6
3.2 母乳喂养技术指导 6
3.3 心理支持与干预措施 7
第四章 政策保障与社会支持网络 9
4.1 相关政策法规完善 9
4.2 社会资源有效整合 9
4.3 多方协作机制建立 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
