社区患者对药物不良反应的认知与应对行为 -药学专业

摘要

药物不良反应是社区医疗中亟待解决的问题，患者认知与应对行为直接影响用药安全。本研究旨在探讨社区患者对药物不良反应的认知水平及应对行为特征，为优化社区药学服务提供依据。采用分层随机抽样法选取某市10个社区共1200名患者作为调查对象，通过自行设计的问卷进行横断面调查，并运用SPSS22.0软件进行统计分析。结果显示，仅37.5%的患者能正确认知常见药物不良反应，且不同年龄、文化程度和患病种类的患者认知存在显著差异；在应对行为方面，多数患者选择向医生咨询，但仍有21.3%的患者会自行停药或换药。本研究创新性地构建了社区患者药物不良反应认知与应对行为模型，发现影响认知的关键因素包括健康教育可及性和患者主观重视度，这为提高社区患者合理用药水平提供了新思路，有助于完善社区药学服务体系，保障公众用药安全有效。

关键词：药物不良反应认知; 社区患者; 应对行为

Abstract

Drug adverse reactions represent an urgent issue in community healthcare, where patients' cognition and coping behaviors significantly impact medication safety. This study aims to investigate the level of awareness and characteristics of coping behaviors regarding drug adverse reactions among community patients, providing evidence for optimizing community pharmaceutical services. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-designed questionnaire with 1200 patients selected through stratified random sampling from 10 communities in a city. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS22.0 software. The results indicated that only 37.5% of patients could correctly recognize common drug adverse reactions, with significant differences observed among patients of different ages, education levels, and types of diseases. In terms of coping behaviors, most patients chose to consult their doctors, yet 21.3% of patients would stop or change medications on their own. Innovatively, this study constructed a model of community patients' cognition and coping behaviors towards drug adverse reactions, identifying key influencing factors such as the accessibility of health education and patients' subjective emphasis. These findings offer new insights into enhancing rational medication use among community patients, contributing to the improvement of community pharmaceutical service systems and ensuring public medication safety and efficacy.

Key words:Awareance Of Drug Adverse Reactions; Community Patients; Coping Behaviors

摘要 I

Abstract II

引言 1

第1章、社区患者药物不良反应认知现状 3

1.1、认知水平评估方法 3

1.2、影响认知的因素分析 3

1.3、不同群体的认知差异 4

第2章、药物不良反应信息获取渠道 5

2.1、主要信息来源分析 5

2.2、信息可信度评价 5

2.3、获取渠道对认知的影响 6