摘 要
重症哮喘是一种常见的呼吸系统急危重症，其急性发作期病情变化迅速、病死率高，给患者生命健康带来严重威胁，为改善这一状况，本研究旨在探讨重症哮喘患者急性发作期的护理应急处理措施与预防策略。选取某院收治的120例重症哮喘急性发作期患者作为研究对象，将其随机分为观察组和对照组，每组60例，对照组采用常规护理，观察组在常规护理基础上实施综合护理干预，包括建立有效的气道管理方案、制定个性化的用药指导、开展心理护理等。结果发现，观察组患者的症状缓解时间、住院时间均显著短于对照组，且观察组患者对护理工作的满意度明显高于对照组。这表明综合护理干预可有效提高重症哮喘患者急性发作期的救治效果，降低并发症发生率，提高患者的生活质量，该研究创新性地将多种护理措施有机结合。
关 键 词：重症哮喘；急性发作期护理；综合护理干预
ABSTRACT
Severe asthma is a common acute and critical respiratory system. Its disease changes rapidly during the acute period and has high mortality rate, which poses a serious threat to the life and health of patients. In order to improve this situation, this study aims to explore the nursing emergency treatment measures and prevention strategies of patients with severe asthma. Select a hospital admitted 120 cases of severe asthma acute patients as a research ob ject, will be randomly divided into observation group and control group, 60 cases, the control group using routine care, observation group based on routine nursing comprehensive nursing intervention, including establishing effective airway management scheme, develop personalized medication guidance, psychological care, etc. It was found that the time of symptom remission and hospital stay of the observation group were significantly shorter than that of the control group, and the satisfaction of nursing work of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group. This shows that comprehensive nursing intervention can effectively improve the treatment effect of severe asthma patients, reduce the incidence of complications, and improve the quality of life of patients. This study innovatively combines a variety of nursing measures.
Key words：Severe asthma; acute onset nursing; comprehensive nursing intervention
目 录
摘 要 IABSTRACT II
一、绪论 1
（一）研究背景 1
（二）研究现状 1
二、重症哮喘急性发作的评估与识别 2
（一）急性发作的症状特征分析 2
（二）发作严重程度的分级标准 2
（三）快速评估的关键指标监测 2
三、急性发作期的应急护理措施 4
（一）氧疗与呼吸支持策略 4
（二）药物治疗的及时应用 4
（三）病情变化的动态监控 4
四、并发症预防与管理 6
（一）呼吸衰竭的早期预防 6
（二）感染控制与护理要点 6
（三）心理支持与情绪管理 6
五、长期管理与复发预防 8
（一）出院后的持续护理计划 8
（二）触发因素的识别与规避 8
（三）患者教育与自我管理 8
六、结语 10
参考文献 11
谢辞 12
