摘 要
高压直流输电技术凭借其低损耗、大容量等优势，在长距离输电领域展现出巨大潜力。随着全球能源需求增长和清洁能源开发，长距离电力传输需求日益增加，传统交流输电面临稳定性和损耗等问题，而高压直流输电成为解决之道。本研究旨在探讨高压直流输电在长距离输电中的应用效果及面临挑战，通过理论分析与实际案例相结合的方法，对国内外多个典型工程进行深入剖析。结果表明，该技术可有效提高输电效率，减少线路走廊占地面积，但设备成本较高且换流站建设复杂。创新点在于构建了综合评价体系以量化分析技术经济性，并提出基于柔性直流输电的改进方案，为优化长距离输电系统提供新思路，推动电力行业向更高效、环保方向发展。
关键词：高压直流输电；长距离输电；技术经济性
Abstract
High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission technology, characterized by its low losses and high capacity, demonstrates significant potential in long-distance power transmission. As global energy demand grows and clean energy development accelerates, the need for long-distance power transmission is increasing, while conventional alternating current (AC) transmission faces challenges related to stability and losses. This study investigates the application effects and challenges of HVDC transmission in long-distance power delivery through a combination of theoretical analysis and case studies, examining multiple typical projects both domestically and internationally. The findings indicate that this technology can effectively enhance transmission efficiency and reduce right-of-way area requirements for transmission lines, although it is associated with higher equipment costs and complex converter station construction. An innovative aspect of this research is the development of a comprehensive evaluation system to quantitatively analyze techno-economic performance, along with proposing improvement schemes based on flexible HVDC transmission. These contributions offer new perspectives for optimizing long-distance transmission systems and promote the development of the power industry towards greater efficiency and environmental sustainability.
Keywords: High-Voltage Direct Current Transmission；Long-Distance Power Transmission；Technical And Economic Viability
目 录
引言 1
一、高压直流输电技术概述 1
（一）发展历程与现状 1
（二）技术原理分析 2
（三）主要系统构成 2
二、长距离输电中的应用优势 2
（一）提高输电效率 3
（二）降低线路损耗 3
（三）增强电网稳定性 3
三、工程实施中的关键技术 4
（一）换流站设计要点 4
（二）绝缘配合研究 4
（三）控制保护策略 5
四、实际应用面临的主要挑战 5
（一）设备可靠性问题 5
（二）环境适应性分析 6
（三）经济性评估考量 6
结 论 7
致 谢 8
参考文献 9
高压直流输电技术凭借其低损耗、大容量等优势，在长距离输电领域展现出巨大潜力。随着全球能源需求增长和清洁能源开发，长距离电力传输需求日益增加，传统交流输电面临稳定性和损耗等问题，而高压直流输电成为解决之道。本研究旨在探讨高压直流输电在长距离输电中的应用效果及面临挑战，通过理论分析与实际案例相结合的方法，对国内外多个典型工程进行深入剖析。结果表明，该技术可有效提高输电效率，减少线路走廊占地面积，但设备成本较高且换流站建设复杂。创新点在于构建了综合评价体系以量化分析技术经济性，并提出基于柔性直流输电的改进方案，为优化长距离输电系统提供新思路，推动电力行业向更高效、环保方向发展。
关键词：高压直流输电；长距离输电；技术经济性
Abstract
High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission technology, characterized by its low losses and high capacity, demonstrates significant potential in long-distance power transmission. As global energy demand grows and clean energy development accelerates, the need for long-distance power transmission is increasing, while conventional alternating current (AC) transmission faces challenges related to stability and losses. This study investigates the application effects and challenges of HVDC transmission in long-distance power delivery through a combination of theoretical analysis and case studies, examining multiple typical projects both domestically and internationally. The findings indicate that this technology can effectively enhance transmission efficiency and reduce right-of-way area requirements for transmission lines, although it is associated with higher equipment costs and complex converter station construction. An innovative aspect of this research is the development of a comprehensive evaluation system to quantitatively analyze techno-economic performance, along with proposing improvement schemes based on flexible HVDC transmission. These contributions offer new perspectives for optimizing long-distance transmission systems and promote the development of the power industry towards greater efficiency and environmental sustainability.
Keywords: High-Voltage Direct Current Transmission；Long-Distance Power Transmission；Technical And Economic Viability
目 录
引言 1
一、高压直流输电技术概述 1
（一）发展历程与现状 1
（二）技术原理分析 2
（三）主要系统构成 2
二、长距离输电中的应用优势 2
（一）提高输电效率 3
（二）降低线路损耗 3
（三）增强电网稳定性 3
三、工程实施中的关键技术 4
（一）换流站设计要点 4
（二）绝缘配合研究 4
（三）控制保护策略 5
四、实际应用面临的主要挑战 5
（一）设备可靠性问题 5
（二）环境适应性分析 6
（三）经济性评估考量 6
结 论 7
致 谢 8
参考文献 9
