不同种植密度对高粱产量的影响 -农学专业

摘要

高粱作为重要的粮食和经济作物，其产量受多种因素影响，其中种植密度是关键因素之一。为探究不同种植密度对高粱产量的影响，本研究选取了三个具有代表性的高粱品种，在同一试验田内设置了五种不同的种植密度处理，分别为3万株/hm²、4.5万株/hm²、6万株/hm²、7.5万株/hm²和9万株/hm²，每个处理重复三次。通过两年的田间试验，系统地记录了各处理下的农艺性状、生物量积累及最终产量等指标。结果表明，随着种植密度的增加，高粱单株生物量呈下降趋势，但群体生物量逐渐增加；在一定范围内，产量随种植密度增大而提高，当超过适宜密度时，产量反而降低。不同品种间对种植密度的响应存在差异，其中品种A在6万株/hm²时达到最高产量，品种B和C分别在4.5万株/hm²和7.5万株/hm²时产量最高。本研究创新性地对比分析了多个品种在同一环境条件下对不同种植密度的适应性，为优化高粱种植模式提供了科学依据，有助于指导农民合理调整种植密度以实现高产稳产。

关键词：高粱产量；种植密度；品种差异

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT PLANTING DENSITIES ON SORGHUM YIELD

ABSTRACT

As an important food and cash crop, the yield of sorghum is affected by many factors, among which planting density is one of the key factors. In order to explore the effects of different planting densities on sorghum yield, three representative sorghum varieties were selected in this study, and five different planting density treatments were set up in the same experimental field, namely 30,000 plants /hm², 45,000 plants /hm², 60,000 plants /hm², 75,000 plants /hm² and 90,000 plants /hm². Each treatment was repeated three times. Agronomic traits, biomass accumulation and final yield were recorded systematically through two years of field experiments. The results showed that with the increase of planting density, the biomass of sorghum per plant decreased, but the biomass of population increased gradually. In a certain range, the yield increases with the increase of planting density, but decreases when the optimum density is exceeded. The response of different varieties to planting density was different. Variety A reached the highest yield at 60,000 plants /hm², while variety B and C reached the highest yield at 45,000 plants /hm² and 75,000 plants /hm², respectively. This study innovatively compared and analyzed the adaptability of multiple varieties to different planting densities under the same environmental conditions, providing a scientific basis for optimizing planting patterns of sorghum, and helping to guide farmers to adjust planting densities reasonably to achieve high and stable yields.

KEY WORDS：Sorghum yield; Planting density; Variety difference

摘要 1

ABSTRACT 2

第1章绪论 1

1.1 研究背景及意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 1

第2章种植密度对高粱生长的影响 2

2.1 植株高度变化分析 2

2.2 叶面积指数响应 2

2.3 根系发育特征 3

第3章种植密度对高粱产量构成要素的影响 4

3.1 单位面积穗数变化 4