摘 要
电动汽车与电网互动(V2G)技术作为智能电网和交通电气化的重要组成部分，近年来受到广泛关注。本文旨在探讨V2G技术的实现路径及其面临的挑战，通过文献综述、理论分析与实证研究相结合的方法，系统梳理了V2G技术的发展现状。研究表明，V2G技术能够有效提升电力系统的灵活性和稳定性，为可再生能源消纳提供新的解决方案。然而，该技术的大规模应用仍面临诸多障碍，包括电池寿命衰减、双向充电设施不足、标准规范缺失以及用户接受度低等问题。本文创新性地提出了基于区块链的分布式能源交易机制，以解决V2G模式下的信任问题，并设计了多主体协同优化调度模型，实现了车辆与电网之间的高效互动。研究结果表明，在合理的激励机制下，V2G技术可以显著提高电网运行效率，降低峰谷差，减少碳排放。本研究不仅为V2G技术的实际应用提供了理论依据和技术支持，也为相关政策制定者提供了有益参考，对推动能源转型具有重要意义。
关键词：电动汽车与电网互动 V2G技术 区块链分布式能源交易
Abstract
Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology, as a critical component of smart grids and transportation electrification, has garnered significant attention in recent years. This paper aims to explore the implementation pathways and challenges faced by V2G technology through a comprehensive review of literature, theoretical analysis, and empirical research. The findings indicate that V2G technology can effectively enhance the flexibility and stability of power systems, offering new solutions for renewable energy accommodation. However, large-scale application of this technology still encounters numerous obstacles such as battery degradation, insufficient bidirectional charging infrastructure, lack of standards and regulations, and low user acceptance. Innovatively, this study proposes a blockchain-based distributed energy trading mechanism to address trust issues under the V2G model and designs a multi-agent collaborative optimization scheduling model to achieve efficient interaction between vehicles and the grid. The results show that with appropriate incentive mechanisms, V2G technology can significantly improve grid operational efficiency, reduce peak-to-valley differences, and decrease carbon emissions. This research not only provides theoretical foundations and technical support for the practical application of V2G technology but also offers valuable references for policymakers, playing a crucial role in promoting energy transition.
Keyword:Electric Vehicle And Grid Interaction V2G Technology Blockchain Distributed Energy Trading
目 录
引言 1
1V2G技术的基本原理与架构 1
1.2关键技术构成要素 1
1.3系统架构与工作流程 2
2V2G技术的实现路径 2
2.1充电桩双向充放电设计 2
2.2车网通信协议标准 3
2.3电力调度与控制策略 3
3V2G技术的应用场景分析 4
3.1峰谷电价调节应用 4
3.2应急电源支持功能 5
3.3分布式能源管理 5
4V2G技术面临的挑战 6
4.1技术标准统一难题 6
4.2商业模式创新探索 6
4.3用户接受度提升策略 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
