摘要
微电网作为智能电网的重要组成部分，其并网与孤岛运行模式的平滑切换是确保电力系统稳定性和可靠性的关键问题。针对传统切换控制策略存在的功率波动大、电能质量差等问题，本文提出了一种基于改进下垂控制和平滑切换算法的新型控制策略。该方法通过引入虚拟阻抗和自适应调整系数，优化了分布式电源在两种模式下的动态响应特性，实现了无缝切换。研究建立了详细的数学模型，分析了不同工况下系统的稳定性，并设计了相应的控制器参数。仿真结果表明，所提策略能够有效抑制切换过程中的电压和频率波动，显著提高了系统的暂态性能。此外，该策略无需额外硬件支持，降低了实现成本。实验验证了理论分析的正确性，证明了该方法在实际应用中的可行性和优越性。本文提出的控制策略不仅解决了微电网切换过程中常见的功率冲击问题，还为提高微电网的运行效率和可靠性提供了新的思路和技术手段，具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。
关键词：微电网切换控制；改进下垂控制；平滑切换算法
Abstract
Microgrids, as an essential component of smart grids, play a critical role in ensuring the stability and reliability of power systems through seamless transitions between grid-connected and islanded operation modes. To address the issues of significant power fluctuations and poor power quality associated with traditional switching control strategies, this paper proposes a novel control strategy based on improved droop control and a smooth transition algorithm. By introducing virtual impedance and adaptive adjustment coefficients, this method optimizes the dynamic response characteristics of distributed energy resources under both operation modes, achieving a seamless mode transition. A detailed mathematical model was established to analyze system stability under various operating conditions, and corresponding controller parameters were designed. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy effectively mitigates voltage and frequency fluctuations during the transition process, significantly enhancing transient performance. Moreover, this approach does not require additional hardware support, thereby reducing implementation costs. Experimental validation confirms the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and proves the feasibility and superiority of the method in practical applications. The control strategy presented in this paper not only resolves common power surge problems during microgrid transitions but also provides new insights and technical means to improve operational efficiency and reliability, offering important theoretical significance and practical value.
Keywords：Microgrid Switching Control; Improved Droop Control; Smooth Transition Algorithm
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 微电网平滑切换的研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状综述 1
(三) 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
二、并网与孤岛模式切换特性分析 2
(一) 切换过程中的功率变化特征 2
(二) 电压和频率稳定性影响因素 3
(三) 控制系统动态响应特性 4
三、切换控制策略设计与优化 4
(一) 基于预测的预同步控制策略 4
(二) 模式切换时的无缝切换算法 5
(三) 控制参数优化配置方案 6
四、实验验证与性能评估 7
(一) 实验平台搭建与测试方案 7
(二) 不同工况下的切换效果分析 7
(三) 系统稳定性和可靠性评价 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
微电网作为智能电网的重要组成部分，其并网与孤岛运行模式的平滑切换是确保电力系统稳定性和可靠性的关键问题。针对传统切换控制策略存在的功率波动大、电能质量差等问题，本文提出了一种基于改进下垂控制和平滑切换算法的新型控制策略。该方法通过引入虚拟阻抗和自适应调整系数，优化了分布式电源在两种模式下的动态响应特性，实现了无缝切换。研究建立了详细的数学模型，分析了不同工况下系统的稳定性，并设计了相应的控制器参数。仿真结果表明，所提策略能够有效抑制切换过程中的电压和频率波动，显著提高了系统的暂态性能。此外，该策略无需额外硬件支持，降低了实现成本。实验验证了理论分析的正确性，证明了该方法在实际应用中的可行性和优越性。本文提出的控制策略不仅解决了微电网切换过程中常见的功率冲击问题，还为提高微电网的运行效率和可靠性提供了新的思路和技术手段，具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。
关键词：微电网切换控制；改进下垂控制；平滑切换算法
Abstract
Microgrids, as an essential component of smart grids, play a critical role in ensuring the stability and reliability of power systems through seamless transitions between grid-connected and islanded operation modes. To address the issues of significant power fluctuations and poor power quality associated with traditional switching control strategies, this paper proposes a novel control strategy based on improved droop control and a smooth transition algorithm. By introducing virtual impedance and adaptive adjustment coefficients, this method optimizes the dynamic response characteristics of distributed energy resources under both operation modes, achieving a seamless mode transition. A detailed mathematical model was established to analyze system stability under various operating conditions, and corresponding controller parameters were designed. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy effectively mitigates voltage and frequency fluctuations during the transition process, significantly enhancing transient performance. Moreover, this approach does not require additional hardware support, thereby reducing implementation costs. Experimental validation confirms the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and proves the feasibility and superiority of the method in practical applications. The control strategy presented in this paper not only resolves common power surge problems during microgrid transitions but also provides new insights and technical means to improve operational efficiency and reliability, offering important theoretical significance and practical value.
Keywords：Microgrid Switching Control; Improved Droop Control; Smooth Transition Algorithm
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 微电网平滑切换的研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状综述 1
(三) 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
二、并网与孤岛模式切换特性分析 2
(一) 切换过程中的功率变化特征 2
(二) 电压和频率稳定性影响因素 3
(三) 控制系统动态响应特性 4
三、切换控制策略设计与优化 4
(一) 基于预测的预同步控制策略 4
(二) 模式切换时的无缝切换算法 5
(三) 控制参数优化配置方案 6
四、实验验证与性能评估 7
(一) 实验平台搭建与测试方案 7
(二) 不同工况下的切换效果分析 7
(三) 系统稳定性和可靠性评价 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
