小学数学核心素养培养路径探析
摘 要
本研究聚焦小学数学核心素养的培养路径，旨在探索适应新时代教育需求的数学教学改革方向。基于建构主义学习理论和核心素养框架，采用文献研究、课堂观察和行动研究相结合的方法，对当前小学数学教学中存在的问题进行系统分析。研究发现，传统教学模式过分强调知识传授而忽视能力培养，导致学生数学思维发展受限。针对这一问题，本研究提出"情境-问题-探究-反思"的四维培养模式，通过创设真实情境、设计层次性问题、引导自主探究和促进深度反思等策略，有效提升学生的数学抽象、逻辑推理、数学建模等核心素养。实证研究表明，该模式显著提高了学生的数学学习兴趣和问题解决能力，特别是在高阶思维能力培养方面效果突出。研究创新性地将核心素养理念与具体教学实践相结合，为小学数学教育改革提供了可操作的实施路径。主要贡献在于构建了系统的核心素养培养框架，开发了配套的教学策略和评价工具，为推进小学数学课程改革提供了理论依据和实践参考。
关键词：小学数学；核心素养；教学改革；四维培养模式；建构主义
Analysis of the cultivation path of primary school mathematics core literacy
Abstract
This study focuses on the cultivation path of core mathematics literacy in primary schools, and aims to explore the direction of mathematics teaching reform to meet the educational needs of the new era. Based on the constructivist learning theory and the core literacy fr amework, the combination of literature research, classroom observation and action research is adopted to systematically analyze the problems existing in the current primary school mathematics teaching. It is found that the traditional teaching mode overemphasizes the knowledge transmission and ignores the ability cultivation, which leads to the limited development of students' mathematical thinking. In view of this problem, this research puts forward the four-dimensional training mode of "situation-question-inquiry-reflection". By adopting the strategies of creating real situations, designing hierarchical problems, guiding independent inquiry and promoting deep reflection, students' core qualities of mathematical abstraction, logical reasoning, mathematical modeling and so on are effectively improved. Empirical research shows that this model significantly improves students' interest in mathematics learning and problem-solving ability, especially in the cultivation of high-order thinking ability. The innovative combination of the core literacy concept with the specific teaching practice provides an operational implementation path for the reform of primary school mathematics education. The main contribution lies in the construction of a systematic core literacy training fr amework, the development of supporting teaching strategies and evaluation tools, which provide theoretical basis and practical reference for promoting the reform of primary school mathematics curriculum.
Keywords: Primary School Mathematics; Core Competencies; Teaching Reform; Four-Dimensional Cultivation Model; Constructivism
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
目 录 IV
一、绪论 1
（一）研究背景和意义 1
（二）国内外研究现状 1
二、小学数学核心素养的内涵与构成 3
（一）数学核心素养的概念界定 3
（二）小学数学核心素养的构成要素 4
（三）小学数学核心素养的特征分析 4
三、小学数学核心素养培养的现状分析 6
（一）小学数学教学中的核心素养培养现状 6
（二）小学生数学核心素养发展水平调查 7
（三）当前培养模式存在的问题与挑战 7
四、小学数学核心素养培养路径构建 9
（一）基于课程标准的培养路径设计 9
（二）课堂教学中的核心素养渗透策略 10
（三）课外实践活动中的能力提升途径 10
五、结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
摘 要
本研究聚焦小学数学核心素养的培养路径，旨在探索适应新时代教育需求的数学教学改革方向。基于建构主义学习理论和核心素养框架，采用文献研究、课堂观察和行动研究相结合的方法，对当前小学数学教学中存在的问题进行系统分析。研究发现，传统教学模式过分强调知识传授而忽视能力培养，导致学生数学思维发展受限。针对这一问题，本研究提出"情境-问题-探究-反思"的四维培养模式，通过创设真实情境、设计层次性问题、引导自主探究和促进深度反思等策略，有效提升学生的数学抽象、逻辑推理、数学建模等核心素养。实证研究表明，该模式显著提高了学生的数学学习兴趣和问题解决能力，特别是在高阶思维能力培养方面效果突出。研究创新性地将核心素养理念与具体教学实践相结合，为小学数学教育改革提供了可操作的实施路径。主要贡献在于构建了系统的核心素养培养框架，开发了配套的教学策略和评价工具，为推进小学数学课程改革提供了理论依据和实践参考。
关键词：小学数学；核心素养；教学改革；四维培养模式；建构主义
Analysis of the cultivation path of primary school mathematics core literacy
Abstract
This study focuses on the cultivation path of core mathematics literacy in primary schools, and aims to explore the direction of mathematics teaching reform to meet the educational needs of the new era. Based on the constructivist learning theory and the core literacy fr amework, the combination of literature research, classroom observation and action research is adopted to systematically analyze the problems existing in the current primary school mathematics teaching. It is found that the traditional teaching mode overemphasizes the knowledge transmission and ignores the ability cultivation, which leads to the limited development of students' mathematical thinking. In view of this problem, this research puts forward the four-dimensional training mode of "situation-question-inquiry-reflection". By adopting the strategies of creating real situations, designing hierarchical problems, guiding independent inquiry and promoting deep reflection, students' core qualities of mathematical abstraction, logical reasoning, mathematical modeling and so on are effectively improved. Empirical research shows that this model significantly improves students' interest in mathematics learning and problem-solving ability, especially in the cultivation of high-order thinking ability. The innovative combination of the core literacy concept with the specific teaching practice provides an operational implementation path for the reform of primary school mathematics education. The main contribution lies in the construction of a systematic core literacy training fr amework, the development of supporting teaching strategies and evaluation tools, which provide theoretical basis and practical reference for promoting the reform of primary school mathematics curriculum.
Keywords: Primary School Mathematics; Core Competencies; Teaching Reform; Four-Dimensional Cultivation Model; Constructivism
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
目 录 IV
一、绪论 1
（一）研究背景和意义 1
（二）国内外研究现状 1
二、小学数学核心素养的内涵与构成 3
（一）数学核心素养的概念界定 3
（二）小学数学核心素养的构成要素 4
（三）小学数学核心素养的特征分析 4
三、小学数学核心素养培养的现状分析 6
（一）小学数学教学中的核心素养培养现状 6
（二）小学生数学核心素养发展水平调查 7
（三）当前培养模式存在的问题与挑战 7
四、小学数学核心素养培养路径构建 9
（一）基于课程标准的培养路径设计 9
（二）课堂教学中的核心素养渗透策略 10
（三）课外实践活动中的能力提升途径 10
五、结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
