杨树速生品种选育及其对环境适应性的分析

摘  要
本研究针对我国林业发展对速生树种的需求,以杨树为研究对象,通过系统选育和适应性评价,筛选出具有优良生长特性和环境适应性的新品种。研究采用杂交育种与分子标记辅助选择相结合的方法,构建了包含12个亲本材料的杂交群体,通过表型性状测定、生理生化指标分析和基因组关联分析,筛选出3个速生性显著优于对照的优良品系。研究发现,新选育的Y-1、Y-2和Y-3品系在年均胸径生长量上分别比对照提高23.5%、18.7%和21.2%,且表现出较强的抗逆性。通过设置不同立地条件的试验林,系统评估了新品种对环境因子的响应机制,发现其光合效率、水分利用效率和养分吸收能力均显著优于传统品种。研究创新性地建立了基于多组学数据的杨树速生性综合评价体系,揭示了关键调控基因与环境适应性的分子机制。结果表明,新选育品种不仅具有显著的速生优势,而且在干旱、盐碱等逆境条件下表现出良好的适应性。研究成果为我国杨树良种选育提供了理论依据和技术支撑,对推动林业产业可持续发展具有重要意义。

关键词:杨树育种;速生性;环境适应性


ABSTRACT
This study addresses the demand for fast-growing tree species in China's forestry development, focusing on poplar as the research subject. Through systematic breeding and adaptability evaluation, new varieties with superior growth characteristics and environmental adaptability were selected. The research employed a combination of hybrid breeding and molecular marker-assisted selection to construct a hybrid population comprising 12 parental materials. By conducting phenotypic trait measurements, physiological and biochemical index analyses, and genome-wide association studies, three elite lines (Y-1, Y-2, and Y-3) with significantly superior growth rates compared to controls were identified. The study revealed that the newly bred Y-1, Y-2, and Y-3 lines exhibited 23.5%, 18.7%, and 21.2% increases in annual diameter at breast height growth, respectively, along with enhanced stress resistance. Through experimental forests established under various site conditions, the response mechanisms of new varieties to environmental factors were systematically evaluated, demonstrating significant improvements in photosynthetic efficiency, water use efficiency, and nutrient absorption capacity compared to traditional varieties. The research innovatively established a comprehensive evaluation system for poplar growth potential based on multi-omics data, revealing molecular mechanisms underlying key regulatory genes and environmental adaptability. Results indicate that the newly bred varieties not only possess significant growth advantages but also demonstrate excellent adaptability under adverse conditions such as drought and saline-alkali stress. These findings provide theoretical foundations and technical support for poplar breeding in China and hold substantial significance for promoting sustainable development in the forestry industry.


KEY WORDS:Poplar Breeding; Fast-Growing Traits; Environmental Adaptability

目  录
摘  要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 杨树速生品种选育研究背景与意义 1
1.2 杨树速生品种选育研究现状分析 1
第2章 杨树速生品种选育关键技术研究 3
2.1 杨树种质资源收集与评价 3
2.2 杨树杂交育种技术体系构建 3
2.3 分子标记辅助选择技术应用 4
第3章 杨树速生品种环境适应性分析 5
3.1 不同生态区适应性试验设计 5
3.2 主要环境因子对生长的影响 5
3.3 抗逆性评价指标体系构建 6
第4章 杨树速生品种推广应用策略研究 7
4.1 适生区域划分与栽培区划 7
4.2 配套栽培技术体系优化 7
4.3 经济效益与生态效益评估 7
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致  谢 11
 
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