土壤盐碱化治理与生态恢复技术研究
摘 要
土壤盐碱化是一个全球性的环境问题，对农业生产和生态系统造成了严重威胁。在全球范围内，盐碱地的分布广泛，尤其是在干旱和半干旱地区，盐碱化问题尤为突出。中国作为农业大国，盐碱地问题同样不容忽视。本研究首先分析了全球土壤盐碱化的分布特征和中国盐碱地空间格局的演变，揭示了土壤盐碱化的主要驱动因素。在此基础上，本研究探讨了土壤盐碱化治理技术体系，包括工程改良技术、生物修复技术、化学改良剂的适用性与局限性以及综合治理模式的优化路径。同时，本研究还关注了盐碱地生态恢复关键技术，如耐盐植物的筛选与培育、土壤微生物群落重建策略以及生态系统服务功能恢复评估。
关键词：土壤盐碱化治理；生态恢复；生物-化学联合改良
RESEARCH ON SOIL SALINIZATION TREATMENT AND ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION TECHNOLOGY
ABSTRACT
Soil salinization is a global environmental problem that poses a serious threat to agricultural production and ecosystems. Globally, salinization is widely distributed, especially in arid and semi-arid areas, especially in salinization. As a big agricultural country, the problem of saline-alkali land also can not be ignored. In this study, we first analyzed the distribution characteristics of global soil salinization and the evolution of the spatial patterns of saline-alkali land in China, and revealed the main drivers of soil salinization. On this basis, this study discusses the technical system of soil salinization treatment, including engineering improvement technology, bioremediation technology, the applicability and limitation of chemical amendments, and the optimization path of comprehensive treatment mode. Meanwhile, this study also focused on key technologies for saline ecological restoration, such as screening and cultivation of salt-tolerant plants, soil microbial community reconstruction strategies, and functional restoration assessment of ecosystem services.
KEY WORDS：Soil salinization treatment; ecological restoration; bio-chemical joint improvement
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 土壤盐碱化现状与成因分析 3
2.1 全球土壤盐碱化分布特征 3
2.2 中国盐碱地空间格局演变 3
2.3 土壤盐碱化主要驱动因素 4
第3章 土壤盐碱化治理技术体系 5
3.1 工程改良技术及其应用效果 5
3.2 生物修复技术的生态效益评估 5
3.3 化学改良剂的适用性与局限性 6
3.4 综合治理模式的优化路径 6
第4章 盐碱地生态恢复关键技术 7
4.1 耐盐植物筛选与培育研究进展 7
4.2 土壤微生物群落重建策略 7
4.3 生态系统服务功能恢复评估 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
摘 要
土壤盐碱化是一个全球性的环境问题，对农业生产和生态系统造成了严重威胁。在全球范围内，盐碱地的分布广泛，尤其是在干旱和半干旱地区，盐碱化问题尤为突出。中国作为农业大国，盐碱地问题同样不容忽视。本研究首先分析了全球土壤盐碱化的分布特征和中国盐碱地空间格局的演变，揭示了土壤盐碱化的主要驱动因素。在此基础上，本研究探讨了土壤盐碱化治理技术体系，包括工程改良技术、生物修复技术、化学改良剂的适用性与局限性以及综合治理模式的优化路径。同时，本研究还关注了盐碱地生态恢复关键技术，如耐盐植物的筛选与培育、土壤微生物群落重建策略以及生态系统服务功能恢复评估。
关键词：土壤盐碱化治理；生态恢复；生物-化学联合改良
RESEARCH ON SOIL SALINIZATION TREATMENT AND ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION TECHNOLOGY
ABSTRACT
Soil salinization is a global environmental problem that poses a serious threat to agricultural production and ecosystems. Globally, salinization is widely distributed, especially in arid and semi-arid areas, especially in salinization. As a big agricultural country, the problem of saline-alkali land also can not be ignored. In this study, we first analyzed the distribution characteristics of global soil salinization and the evolution of the spatial patterns of saline-alkali land in China, and revealed the main drivers of soil salinization. On this basis, this study discusses the technical system of soil salinization treatment, including engineering improvement technology, bioremediation technology, the applicability and limitation of chemical amendments, and the optimization path of comprehensive treatment mode. Meanwhile, this study also focused on key technologies for saline ecological restoration, such as screening and cultivation of salt-tolerant plants, soil microbial community reconstruction strategies, and functional restoration assessment of ecosystem services.
KEY WORDS：Soil salinization treatment; ecological restoration; bio-chemical joint improvement
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 土壤盐碱化现状与成因分析 3
2.1 全球土壤盐碱化分布特征 3
2.2 中国盐碱地空间格局演变 3
2.3 土壤盐碱化主要驱动因素 4
第3章 土壤盐碱化治理技术体系 5
3.1 工程改良技术及其应用效果 5
3.2 生物修复技术的生态效益评估 5
3.3 化学改良剂的适用性与局限性 6
3.4 综合治理模式的优化路径 6
第4章 盐碱地生态恢复关键技术 7
4.1 耐盐植物筛选与培育研究进展 7
4.2 土壤微生物群落重建策略 7
4.3 生态系统服务功能恢复评估 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
