摘 要
膜分离技术作为一种高效、节能的分离方法，在水处理、食品工业、生物医药等多个领域得到了广泛应用。物理改性利用等离子体处理和紫外辐照处理，增强了膜材料的表面性能和抗污染能力。复合改性则通过无机填料复合和有机/无机杂化，提高了膜材料的综合性能。为了进一步提升高分子膜材料的性能，本文提出了一系列策略，包括提高膜的机械强度、化学稳定性、抗污染性能和分离选择性。通过增强纤维的应用、交联密度的优化、耐酸碱改性、抗氧化改性、表面亲水性改性和表面电荷调整等方法，实现了膜性能的显著提升。在应用研究方面，本文重点讨论了改性高分子膜材料在水处理、食品工业和生物医药领域的应用。在水处理领域，改性膜材料能够有效去除水中的污染物，提高水质。在食品工业中，改性膜材料用于食品成分的分离、浓缩和提纯，保证了食品的质量和安全。在生物医药领域，改性膜材料则在药物分离、蛋白质纯化等方面发挥了重要作用。
关键词：高分子膜材料 膜分离技术 改性方法 性能提升
Abstract
Membrane separation technology, as an efficient and energy-saving separation method, has been widely used in many fields such as water treatment, food industry, biomedicine and so on. The surface properties and anti-fouling ability of the membrane materials were enhanced by plasma treatment and ultraviolet irradiation. The composite modification improves the comprehensive properties of the membrane materials through inorganic filler composite and organic/inorganic hybrid. In order to further improve the properties of polymer membrane materials, a series of strategies were proposed, including improving the mechanical strength, chemical stability, pollution resistance and separation selectivity of the membrane. Through the application of reinforced fiber, crosslinking density optimization, acid and alkali resistance modification, oxidation resistance modification, surface hydrophilic modification and surface charge adjustment, the properties of the membrane were significantly improved. In terms of application research, this paper focuses on the application of modified polymer membrane materials in water treatment, food industry and biomedicine fields. In the field of water treatment, modified membrane materials can effectively remove pollutants in water and improve water quality. In the food industry, modified film materials are used for the separation, concentration and purification of food components to ensure the quality and safety of food. In the field of biomedicine, modified membrane materials play an important role in drug separation and protein purification.
Keyword:Polymer membrane materials Membrane separation technology Modification method Performance improvement
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景及意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状 1
1.3研究目的 1
2高分子膜材料的基本特性 2
2.1高分子膜材料的分类 2
2.2高分子膜材料的物理化学特性 2
2.3高分子膜材料的分离机理 2
2.4高分子膜材料的性能评价标准 2
3高分子膜材料的改性方法 3
3.1化学改性方法 3
3.2物理改性方法 3
3.3复合改性方法 4
4高分子膜材料性能提升的策略 4
4.1提高膜的机械强度 4
4.2提高膜的化学稳定性 5
4.3提高膜的抗污染性能 5
4.4提高膜的分离选择性 6
5高分子膜材料改性后的应用研究 6
5.1在水处理领域的应用 6
5.2在食品工业中的应用 7
5.3在生物医药领域的应用 7
5.4在气体分离中的应用 7
6结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
