摘 要
本文深入研究了农作物病虫害绿色防控技术的应用现状、挑战及优化对策。面对全球农业生产的持续增长和病虫害问题的复杂化，传统化学农药的使用模式已难以满足可持续发展的需求。绿色防控技术，作为一种环境友好、生态平衡的病虫害防治策略，正逐渐成为现代农业的重要发展方向。本文首先系统介绍了稻田养鸭、性诱剂防治、“生物导弹”防治及太阳能杀虫灯诱杀等几种主要的绿色防控技术，这些技术通过生态调控、生物防治和物理防控等手段，有效降低了农药使用量，保护了生态环境，并提高了农产品的安全性和品质。然而，绿色防控技术在实际应用中仍面临诸多挑战，包括技术研发与推广力度不足、技术难题与瓶颈、农民接受度与操作水平问题以及配套设施与资金支持不足等。这些问题严重制约了绿色防控技术的普及与应用效果。针对上述问题，本文提出了具体的优化对策，包括加大技术研发与推广投入、引导企业参与技术研发与应用、加强技术培训提升农民应用能力、优化技术方案与创新材料设备、实施示范农场制度展示技术效果、建立农民反馈机制优化技术应用体验、引入农技服务团队提供技术指导，以及加大资金投入、引导社会资本参与、优化资源配置等。
关键词：农作物病虫害;绿色防控技术;技术推广;农民接受度;资金支持
Abstract
In this paper, the application status, challenges and optimization countermeasures of green crop pest prevention and control technology were deeply studied. In the face of the continuous growth of global agricultural production and the complexity of diseases and pests, the use of traditional chemical pesticides has been difficult to meet the needs of sustainable development. Green prevention and control technology, as an environmentally friendly and ecologically balanced pest control strategy, is gradually becoming an important development direction of modern agriculture. This paper firstly systematically introduces several major green control technologies, such as duck rearing in paddy fields, sex attracter control, "biological missile" control and solar insect lamp trapping and killing. These technologies effectively reduce the use of pesticides, protect the ecological environment, and improve the safety and quality of agricultural products through ecological control, biological control and physical control. However, green prevention and control technology still faces many challenges in practical application, including insufficient research and development and promotion of technology, technical problems and bottlenecks, farmers' acceptance and operational level, and insufficient supporting facilities and financial support. These problems seriously restrict the popularization and application effect of green prevention and control technology. In view of the above problems, this paper puts forward specific optimization countermeasures. It includes increasing investment in technology research and development and promotion, guiding enterprises to participate in technology research and application, strengthening technical training to improve farmers' application ability, optimizing technical schemes and innovative materials and equipment, implementing demonstration farm system to demonstrate technical effects, establishing farmer feedback mechanism to optimize technology application experience, and introducing agricultural technology service team to provide technical guidance. And increase capital investment, guide the participation of social capital, optimize the allocation of resources.
Keywords：Crop diseases and pests; Green prevention and control technology; Technology promotion; Farmer acceptance; Financial support
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 主要绿色防控技术介绍 2
1.1 稻田养鸭技术 2
1.2 性诱剂防治技术 2
1.3 “生物导弹”防治技术 3
1.4 太阳能杀虫灯诱杀技术 3
第二章 农作物病虫害绿色防控技术应用面临的挑战 4
2.1 技术研究与推广力度不足 4
2.2 技术难题与瓶颈 4
2.3 农民接受度与操作水平问题 4
2.4 配套设施与资金支持不足 5
第三章 农作物病虫害绿色防控技术应用的优化对策 6
3.1 加大技术研发与推广投入 6
3.2 突破技术难题与瓶颈 7
3.3 提高农民接受度与操作水平 8
3.4 完善配套设施与资金支持 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
致 谢 12
