摘 要
本文旨在探讨农作物抗盐碱种质资源的筛选与利用策略，以应对全球盐碱化土地扩张对农业生产构成的严峻挑战。首先，通过概述盐碱地的成因、分布及其对农作物生长的不利影响，明确了研究的紧迫性和重要性。随后，详细阐述了抗盐碱农作物种质资源的概念、特性及现有筛选与利用方法。在筛选步骤上，提出了从样本收集、初步筛选、深入鉴定到稳定性验证的系统流程，确保筛选出具备高抗盐碱能力的优良种质。进一步地，本文深入探讨了抗盐碱种质资源在品种改良、推广种植、生态修复及产业链延伸等方面的多种利用途径。特别是，通过抗盐碱基因的挖掘与利用、杂交育种技术的创新应用，以及现代农业推广体系的构建，为盐碱地农业可持续发展提供了新思路。此外，本文还强调了生态修复与环境保护的重要性，提出了盐碱地生态修复策略及生物多样性恢复措施，以期在缓解环境压力的同时，实现碳汇增加与气候变化应对。最后，本文展望了抗盐碱农作物在产业链延伸中的潜力，包括产品深加工、品牌建设与市场拓展，以及农业旅游与文化体验的融合发展，为盐碱地农业经济的多元化发展指明了方向。
关键词：抗盐碱农作物;种质资源;筛选与利用;生态修复;品种改良
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to explore the selection and utilization strategies of crop saline-resistant germplasm resources in order to cope with the severe challenge of global saline-alkali land expansion to agricultural production. Firstly, by summarizing the origin and distribution of saline-alkali land and its adverse effects on crop growth, the urgency and importance of the study were clarified. Then, the concept, characteristics and existing screening and utilization methods of saline-alkali resistant crop germplasm resources were described in detail. In terms of screening steps, a systematic process from sample collection, preliminary screening, in-depth identification to stability verification was proposed to ensure the selection of excellent germplasm with high saline-alkali resistance. Further, this paper discussed the utilization ways of saline-alkali resistant germplasm resources in variety improvement, extension of planting, ecological restoration and industrial chain extension. In particular, through the mining and utilization of saline-alkali resistant genes, the innovative application of cross breeding technology, and the construction of modern agricultural extension system, a new idea is provided for the sustainable development of saline-alkali land agriculture. In addition, this paper also emphasizes the importance of ecological restoration and environmental protection, and puts forward ecological restoration strategies and biodiversity restoration measures for saline-alkali land, in order to achieve carbon sink increase and climate change response while alleviating environmental pressure. Finally, this paper looks forward to the potential of saline-alkali resistant crops in the extension of the industrial chain, including product deep processing, brand building and market expansion, as well as the integration of agricultural tourism and cultural experience, which points out the direction for the diversified development of agricultural economy in saline-alkali land.
Keywords：Saline-alkali resistant crops; Germplasm resources; Screening and utilization; Ecological restoration; Variety improvement
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 相关概念及理论基础 2
1.1 盐碱地概述 2
1.2 抗盐碱农作物种质资源 2
1.3 筛选与利用方法 2
第二章 抗盐碱农作物种质资源筛选步骤 4
2.1 样本收集 4
2.2 初步筛选 4
2.3 深入鉴定 5
2.4 稳定性验证 5
第三章 抗盐碱农作物种质资源利用途径 6
3.1 品种改良与育种 6
3.2 推广种植与示范 7
3.3 生态修复与环境保护 8
3.4 产业链延伸与附加值提升 9
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
