退耕还林工程建设存在问题及对策研究
摘 要
随着全球气候变化和人口增长，我国生态环境面临着严峻挑战，特别是干旱半干旱地区的土地退化问题日益严重。退耕还林工程作为国家生态修复的重要战略，自实施以来在改善生态环境、促进农民增收及推动可持续发展方面取得了显著成效。本文基于生态学基础、土地利用与覆被变化理论及可持续发展理论，系统分析了退耕还林工程在改善生态环境、防治土地退化、促进农民增收及推动可持续发展等方面的作用。同时，文章深入探讨了当前退耕还林工程建设中存在的四大主要问题：政策执行与监管问题、土地利用与农户生计问题、生态效益与经济效益协调问题以及后续管理与维护问题。针对这些问题，本文提出了相应的对策措施，包括加强政策执行与监管、优化土地利用与促进农户生计转型、提升生态效益与经济效益协调性以及完善后续管理与维护机制。
关键词：退耕还林；生态修复；土地利用
RESEARCH ON THE PROBLEMS AND COUNTERMEASURES IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF RETURNING FARMLAND TO FOREST
ABSTRACT
With the global climate change and population growth, China's ecological environment is facing severe challenges, especially the land degradation in arid and semi-arid areas. As an important strategy of national ecological restoration, the project of returning farmland to forest has made remarkable achievements in improving the ecological environment, increasing farmers' income and promoting sustainable development since its implementation. Based on the basis of ecology, the theory of land use and cover change and the theory of sustainable development, this paper systematically analyzes the role of returning farmland to forest project in improving the ecological environment, preventing and controlling land degradation, promoting increasing farmers' income and promoting sustainable development. At the same time, the paper deeply discusses the four main problems in the current project of returning farmland to forest: policy implementation and supervision, land use and farmers' livelihood, the coordination of ecological and economic benefits, and the follow-up management and maintenance. In view of these problems, this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures, including strengthening policy implementation and supervision, optimizing land use and promoting the transformation of farmers' livelihood, improving the coordination of ecological benefits and economic benefits, and improving the follow-up management and maintenance mechanism.
KEY WORDS：Returning farmland to forest; ecological restoration; land use
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 相关理论概述 3
2.1 生态学基础 3
2.2 土地利用与覆被变化理论 3
2.3 可持续发展理论 3
第3章 退耕还林工程的作用 5
3.1 改善生态环境，防治土地退化 5
3.2 促进农民增收，助力脱贫攻坚 5
3.3 推动可持续发展，树立全球生态治理典范 5
第4章 退耕还林工程建设存在的问题 7
4.1政策执行与监管问题 7
4.2 土地利用与农户生计问题 7
4.3 生态效益与经济效益协调问题 7
4.4 后续管理与维护问题 8
第5章 退耕还林工程建设问题的对策 9
5.1 加强政策执行与监管 9
5.2 优化土地利用与促进农户生计转型 9
5.3 提升生态效益与经济效益协调性 10
5.4 完善后续管理与维护机制 10
第6章 结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
摘 要
随着全球气候变化和人口增长，我国生态环境面临着严峻挑战，特别是干旱半干旱地区的土地退化问题日益严重。退耕还林工程作为国家生态修复的重要战略，自实施以来在改善生态环境、促进农民增收及推动可持续发展方面取得了显著成效。本文基于生态学基础、土地利用与覆被变化理论及可持续发展理论，系统分析了退耕还林工程在改善生态环境、防治土地退化、促进农民增收及推动可持续发展等方面的作用。同时，文章深入探讨了当前退耕还林工程建设中存在的四大主要问题：政策执行与监管问题、土地利用与农户生计问题、生态效益与经济效益协调问题以及后续管理与维护问题。针对这些问题，本文提出了相应的对策措施，包括加强政策执行与监管、优化土地利用与促进农户生计转型、提升生态效益与经济效益协调性以及完善后续管理与维护机制。
关键词：退耕还林；生态修复；土地利用
RESEARCH ON THE PROBLEMS AND COUNTERMEASURES IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF RETURNING FARMLAND TO FOREST
ABSTRACT
With the global climate change and population growth, China's ecological environment is facing severe challenges, especially the land degradation in arid and semi-arid areas. As an important strategy of national ecological restoration, the project of returning farmland to forest has made remarkable achievements in improving the ecological environment, increasing farmers' income and promoting sustainable development since its implementation. Based on the basis of ecology, the theory of land use and cover change and the theory of sustainable development, this paper systematically analyzes the role of returning farmland to forest project in improving the ecological environment, preventing and controlling land degradation, promoting increasing farmers' income and promoting sustainable development. At the same time, the paper deeply discusses the four main problems in the current project of returning farmland to forest: policy implementation and supervision, land use and farmers' livelihood, the coordination of ecological and economic benefits, and the follow-up management and maintenance. In view of these problems, this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures, including strengthening policy implementation and supervision, optimizing land use and promoting the transformation of farmers' livelihood, improving the coordination of ecological benefits and economic benefits, and improving the follow-up management and maintenance mechanism.
KEY WORDS：Returning farmland to forest; ecological restoration; land use
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 相关理论概述 3
2.1 生态学基础 3
2.2 土地利用与覆被变化理论 3
2.3 可持续发展理论 3
第3章 退耕还林工程的作用 5
3.1 改善生态环境，防治土地退化 5
3.2 促进农民增收，助力脱贫攻坚 5
3.3 推动可持续发展，树立全球生态治理典范 5
第4章 退耕还林工程建设存在的问题 7
4.1政策执行与监管问题 7
4.2 土地利用与农户生计问题 7
4.3 生态效益与经济效益协调问题 7
4.4 后续管理与维护问题 8
第5章 退耕还林工程建设问题的对策 9
5.1 加强政策执行与监管 9
5.2 优化土地利用与促进农户生计转型 9
5.3 提升生态效益与经济效益协调性 10
5.4 完善后续管理与维护机制 10
第6章 结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
