摘 要
全球生态环境问题凸显，尤其是森林资源过度开发导致的生物多样性丧失、水土流失和气候变化问题。林业生态功能的保护与恢复受到国际社会关注，林业生态补偿机制作为平衡生态保护与经济发展的手段，在全球范围内推广。但因补偿标准、资金管理、公众参与和生态效益评估等问题，实施效果未达预期。深入研究这些问题和对策对生态文明建设和可持续发展至关重要。本文探讨林业生态补偿机制面临的问题，并提出完善对策。首先介绍机制定义、条件和重要性，然后分析补偿标准不科学、资金管理问题、公众参与度低和生态效益评估缺失四大问题，并提出建立科学补偿标准、多元化资金来源、强化管理、提高公众参与度和构建评估机制等对策。通过案例分析和理论探讨，旨在为完善林业生态补偿机制提供科学依据和实践指导，促进林业生态保护与经济社会和谐发展。
关键词：林业生态补偿；补偿标准；资金来源；生态效益评估
PROBLEMS AND PERFECT COUNTERMEASURES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FORESTRY ECOLOGICAL COMPENSATION MECHANISM
ABSTRACT
Global ecological and environmental problems are prominent, especially the loss of biodiversity, soil erosion and climate change caused by the excessive exploitation of forest resources. The protection and restoration of forestry ecological function has attracted the attention of the international community. The forestry ecological compensation mechanism, as a means to balance ecological protection and economic development, has been promoted worldwide. However, due to the compensation standards, fund management, public participation and ecological benefit evaluation, the implementation effect has not reached the expectation. In-depth study of these problems and countermeasures is crucial to the construction of ecological civilization and sustainable development. This paper discusses the problems faced by the forestry ecological compensation mechanism, and puts forward the perfect countermeasures. Firstly, the definition, conditions and importance of the mechanism are introduced, and then the four major problems of unscientific compensation standard, fund management, low public participation and lack of ecological benefit evaluation are analyzed, and the countermeasures such as establishing scientific compensation standard, diversified fund sources, strengthening management, improving public participation and building evaluation mechanism are proposed. Through case analysis and theoretical discussion, it aims to provide scientific basis and practical guidance for improving the forestry ecological compensation mechanism, and promote the harmonious development of forestry ecological protection and economy and society.
KEY WORDS：Ecological compensation for forestry; Compensation standard; Source of funds; Evaluation of ecological benefits
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景和意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 相关理论概述 2
2.1 生态补偿机制的定义 2
2.2 林业生态补偿的实施条件 2
第3章 林业生态补偿机制实施中的问题 3
3.1 补偿标准不科学 3
3.2 补偿资金来源与管理问题 3
3.3 社会公众参与度低 4
3.4 生态效益评估机制缺失 4
第4章 完善林业生态补偿机制的对策 6
4.1 建立科学的补偿标准体系 6
4.2 多元化补偿资金来源与强化管理 7
4.3 提高公众参与度与意识 8
4.4 构建生态效益评估机制 9
第5章 结论 10
参考文献 11
致 谢 12
