摘 要
随着互联网技术的飞速发展，网络架构和服务需求日益复杂化，传统的网络路由控制策略已难以满足现代网络的动态、灵活与高效需求。本文深入探讨了SDN（软件定义网络）技术在网络路由控制中的应用及其对传统路由控制策略的革新。首先，文章概述了SDN的起源与发展历程，详细阐述了SDN的核心原理，包括其控制平面与数据平面的分离、集中化控制以及逻辑与物理路径的分离等特性，并分析了SDN在网络路由中的潜在应用优势。随后，文章指出了传统路由控制策略面临的复杂性、安全性与效率平衡问题以及网络资源动态管理挑战等难题。为了克服这些挑战，文章提出了基于SDN的路由控制策略，重点介绍了SDN的路由决策机制，包括控制平面与数据平面的高效交互、路由决策的集中化控制以及逻辑与物理路径的灵活分离。在动态路径选择与负载均衡方面，文章提出了基于流量整形的负载均衡策略、适应性路径调整与网络拥塞控制以及云环境下的SDN动态路径与资源分配等解决方案，以应对网络流量的动态变化和突发拥塞问题。
关键词：SDN技术 路由控制策略 策略驱动 路由优化
Abstract
With the rapid development of Internet technology, the network architecture and service requirements are becoming more and more complex, and the traditional network routing control strategy is difficult to meet the dynamic, flexible and efficient requirements of modern networks. This paper discusses the application of Software Defined Network (SDN) technology in network routing control and its innovation to the traditional routing control strategy. Firstly, this paper summarizes the origin and development of SDN, elaborates the core principles of SDN, including the separation of control plane and data plane, centralized control and separation of logical and physical paths, and analyzes the potential application advantages of SDN in network routing. Then, the paper points out the complexity, the balance between security and efficiency of traditional routing control strategies, and the challenges of dynamic management of network resources. In order to overcome these challenges, this paper proposes a route control strategy based on SDN, and focuses on the routing decision mechanism of SDN, including efficient interaction between control plane and data plane, centralized control of routing decision, and flexible separation of logical and physical paths. In terms of dynamic path selection and load balancing, this paper proposes load balancing strategies based on traffic shaping, adaptive path adjustment and network congestion control, and SDN dynamic path and resource allocation in cloud environment to deal with the dynamic change of network traffic and sudden congestion problems.
Keywords: SDN technology Routing control policy Policy-driven Route optimization
目 录
1 引言 1
2 SDN技术概述 1
2.1 SDN起源与发展 1
2.2 SDN核心原理 1
2.3 SDN在网络路由中的应用 2
3 传统路由控制策略的问题 2
3.1 路由控制的复杂性 2
3.2 安全性与效率的平衡问题 3
3.3 网络资源的动态管理挑战 3
3.4 安全和策略遵从性问题 3
4 基于SDN的路由控制策略 4
4.1 SDN的路由决策机制 4
4.2 策略驱动的路由优化 4
4.3 动态路径选择与负载均衡 5
4.4 增强的安全和策略遵从性 5
5 未来研究方向 6
5.1 SDN与网络新技术的融合 6
5.2 智能路由控制策略的探索 6
5.3 隐私保护与安全策略 6
6 结论 7
致 谢 8
参考文献 9
