摘 要
秸秆资源化利用是一种将废弃农作物秸秆转化为有用资源和产品的过程，对推动农业可持续发展具有重要意义。本文概述了秸秆资源化利用的主要技术、经济效益、主要方式以及对农田土壤质量的影响，并探讨了实施过程中的难点及相应的改进策略。秸秆资源化利用的主要技术包括生物质能利用和生物质炭化等，这些技术可以将秸秆转化为清洁能源和有价值的炭材料。经济效益方面，秸秆资源化利用不仅能直接提升秸秆的价值，创造就业机会，还能通过降低农业生产成本和改善环境质量带来间接经济收益。秸秆资源化利用的主要方式包括生物质能利用和生物质炭化。生物质能利用通过沼气生产等方式将秸秆转化为能源，而生物质炭化则通过高温热解将秸秆转化为生物质炭，用于土壤改良等。这些方式不仅有效利用了秸秆资源，还促进了农业废弃物的循环利用。秸秆资源化利用对农田土壤质量具有积极影响，包括改善土壤物理性质、优化土壤化学性质和增强土壤生物活性，进而提升作物生长和产量。然而，实施过程中也面临农民接受程度有限、收集方式落后、运输成本高昂和废弃物处理不当等难点。为克服这些难点，本文提出了加强农民宣传教育、研发新型收集设备、优化运输路线和建立废弃物处理制度等改进策略，以促进秸秆资源化利用的可持续发展。
关键词：秸秆资源化；土壤质量；实施难点
Abstract
The utilization of straw resources is a process of converting discarded crop straw into useful resources and products, which is of great significance for promoting sustainable agricultural development. This article provides an overview of the main technologies, economic benefits, main methods of straw resource utilization, and their impact on soil quality in farmland. It also explores the difficulties and corresponding improvement strategies in the implementation process. The main technologies for straw resource utilization include biomass energy utilization and biomass carbonization, which can convert straw into clean energy and valuable carbon materials. In terms of economic benefits, the utilization of straw resources can not only directly enhance the value of straw and create employment opportunities, but also bring indirect economic benefits by reducing agricultural production costs and improving environmental quality. The main ways of straw resource utilization include biomass energy utilization and biomass carbonization. Biomass energy is utilized to convert straw into energy through biogas production and other methods, while biomass carbonization converts straw into biomass charcoal through high-temperature pyrolysis for soil improvement and other purposes. These methods not only effectively utilize straw resources, but also promote the recycling of agricultural waste. The utilization of straw resources has a positive impact on soil quality in farmland, including improving soil physical properties, optimizing soil chemical properties, and enhancing soil biological activity, thereby enhancing crop growth and yield. However, the implementation process also faces difficulties such as limited acceptance by farmers, outdated collection methods, high transportation costs, and improper waste disposal. To overcome these difficulties, this article proposes improvement strategies such as strengthening farmer publicity and education, developing new collection equipment, optimizing transportation routes, and establishing waste disposal systems to promote sustainable development of straw resource utilization.
Keywords: Straw resource utilization; Soil quality; Implementation difficulties
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究目的及内容 1
1.3 国内外研究现状 2
第2章 秸秆资源化利用概述 3
2.1 秸秆资源化利用的主要技术 3
2.2 秸秆资源化利用的经济效益 3
2.2.1 直接经济效益 3
2.2.2 间接经济效益 4
2.3 秸秆资源化利用的主要方式 5
2.3.1 生物质能利用 5
2.3.2 生物质炭化 6
第3章 秸秆资源化利用对农田土壤质量的影响 7
3.1 土壤物理性质的改善 7
3.2 土壤化学性质的优化 7
3.3 土壤生物活性的增强 8
3.4 作物生长和产量的提升 8
第4章 秸秆资源化利用技术的实施难点 9
4.1 农民接受程度有限 9
4.2 收集方式落后 9
4.3 运输成本高昂 9
4.4 废弃物处理不当 10
第5章 秸秆资源化利用的改进策略 11
5.1 加强农民宣传教育 11
5.2 研发新型收集设备 11
5.3 优化运输路线 11
5.4 建立废弃物处理制度 12
结 论 13
参考文献 14
