摘 要
《过秦论》是西汉时期贾谊的一篇重要政论文章，通过深刻剖析秦朝的兴衰历史，对后世文学创作产生了深远的影响。文章以秦国的兴起、强盛、过失、衰败以及灭亡原因为主要内容，展现了作者独特的叙事风格和深邃的历史洞察力。贾谊，西汉著名文学家、政论家，其生平与学术背景为《过秦论》的创作提供了深厚的思想基础。文章创作动机在于通过总结秦朝的兴衰教训，为西汉统治者提供借鉴，以警醒后世。在文学特色方面，《过秦论》具有独特的叙事风格，以生动的笔触描绘了秦国的历史画卷。同时，作者深邃的历史洞察力使文章在剖析历史现象时具有深刻的洞见。此外，生动的人物刻画和严谨的论证逻辑也是文章的重要特色。在修辞艺术上，《过秦论》运用了多种修辞手法，如比喻与象征、排比与对偶、设问与反问以及借代与借喻等，使文章语言生动有力，增强了表达效果。这些修辞手法的运用不仅展示了作者的文学才华，也为后世文学创作提供了宝贵的借鉴。《过秦论》对后世文学创作的启示主要有四点：一是以史为鉴，警醒后世；二是注重文学作品的史论价值，使作品具有深刻的思想内涵；三是运用对比手法突出主题，增强作品的表现力；四是注重语言的锤炼，提高作品的艺术感染力。这些启示对于后世文学创作具有重要的指导意义。
关键词：《过秦论》 文学特色 修辞艺术
Abstract
On Crossing the Qin Dynasty is an important political article by Jia Yi in the Western Han Dynasty. Through a profound analysis of the rise and fall of the Qin Dynasty, it had a profound influence on the literary creation of later generations. The article focuses on the rise, prosperity, fault, decline and demise of the state of Qin, and shows the author's unique narrative style and profound historical insight. Jia Yi, a famous writer and political theorist in the Western Han Dynasty, his life and academic background provided a profound ideological basis for the creation of the Qin Dynasty. The motive of the article is to provide reference for the rulers of the Western Han Dynasty by summarizing the lessons of the Qin Dynasty to alert the later generations. In terms of literary characteristics, On Qin has a unique narrative style and depicts the historical picture scroll of Qin with vivid brush strokes. At the same time, the author's profound historical insight makes the article have a profound insight when analyzing the historical phenomena. In addition, the vivid character depiction and the rigorous argument logic are also the important features of the article. In the art of rhetoric, "On the Qin Dynasty" uses a variety of rhetorical devices, such as me taphor and symbolism, analogy and dual, asking and asking questions, and borrowing and borrowing me taphors, to make the language of the article vivid and powerful, and enhance the ex pression effect. The use of these rhetorical devices not only shows the author's literary talent, but also provides a valuable reference for the literary creation of later generations. There are four main enlightenment: first, take the history as a mirror to alert the later generations; second, pay attention to the historical value of literary works and make the works have profound ideological connotation; third, use the contrast technique to highlight the theme and enhance the expressive force of the works; fourth, pay attention to the exercise of language and improve the artistic appeal of the works. These inspirations have important guiding significance for the literary creation of later generations.
Keywords: On the Qin Dynasty Literary characteristic Rhetorical art
目 录
一、引言 1
二、《过秦论》概述 1
（一）作者简介 1
（二）《过秦论》的创作动机 2
（三）《过秦论》的主要内容 2
三、《过秦论》的文学特色分析 3
（一）独特的叙事风格 3
（二）深邃的历史洞察力 4
（三）生动的人物刻画 4
（四）严谨的论证逻辑 4
四、《过秦论》的修辞艺术探讨 4
（一）比喻与象征的运用 4
（二）排比与对偶的运用 5
（三）设问与反问的运用 5
（四）借代与借喻的运用 6
五、《过秦论》对后世文学创作的启示 6
（一）以史为鉴，警醒后世 6
（二）注重文学作品的史论价值 6
（三）运用对比手法突出主题 6
（四）注重语言的锤炼 7
六、结论 7
致 谢 8
参考文献 9
