矿用卡车发动机故障诊断及维修措施研究
矿用卡车发动机是矿山作业中的核心动力源，其稳定运行对于保证矿山生产效率和安全至关重要。本文首先概述了矿用卡车发动机的基本组成，包括气缸、活塞、曲轴等关键部件，并阐述了其工作原理，即通过燃料燃烧产生动力驱动车辆运行。在发动机的常见类型方面，文章从所使用的燃料、工作循环和气缸排列方式以及混合气形成和点火方式三个维度进行了分类。这些分类不仅有助于理解不同发动机的特点，也为选择适合矿山作业的发动机类型提供了依据。当矿用卡车发动机出现故障时，及时的故障诊断和维修至关重要。本文介绍了四种常用的故障诊断方法：观察法、参数测量法、故障代码读取法和逐步排除法。这些方法能够帮助维修人员快速定位故障，为后续的维修工作提供指导。在矿用卡车发动机的常见故障方面，文章列举了机油压力、温度异常、冷却系统故障、供油系统故障和发动机异响等几种常见情况。这些故障不仅影响发动机的性能和寿命，还可能对矿山生产造成严重影响。针对这些常见故障，本文提出了相应的维修措施。例如，对于机油压力和温度异常，应检查机油量和冷却系统；对于冷却系统故障，应检查并更换冷却液；对于供油系统故障，应更换燃油滤清器；对于发动机异响，应清洁润滑系统等。这些维修措施旨在恢复发动机的正常运行，确保矿山生产的顺利进行。
关键词：发动机；故障诊断；维修措施
Abstract
The engine of mining trucks is the core power source in mining operations, and its stable operation is crucial to ensuring mining production efficiency and safety. This article first outlines the basic composition of mining truck engines, including key components such as cylinders, pistons, and crankshafts, and explains their working principle, which is to generate power through fuel combustion to drive vehicle operation. In terms of common types of engines, the article classifies them from three dimensions: fuel used, working cycle and cylinder arrangement, as well as mixture formation and ignition methods. These classifications not only help to understand the characteristics of different engines, but also provide a basis for selecting engine types suitable for mining operations. When the engine of a mining truck malfunctions, timely fault diagnosis and maintenance are crucial. This article introduces four commonly used fault diagnosis methods: observation method, parameter measurement method, fault code reading method, and step-by-step elimination method. These methods can help maintenance personnel quickly locate faults and provide guidance for subsequent maintenance work. In terms of common faults in mining truck engines, the article lists several common situations such as abnormal oil pressure, temperature, cooling system faults, fuel supply system faults, and engine noise. These faults not only affect the performance and lifespan of the engine, but may also have a serious impact on mining production. This article proposes corresponding maintenance measures for these common faults. For example, for abnormal oil pressure and temperature, the oil quantity and cooling system should be checked; For cooling system malfunctions, check and replace the coolant; For fuel supply system malfunctions, the fuel filter should be replaced; For engine noise, the lubrication system should be cleaned. These maintenance measures aim to restore the normal operation of the engine and ensure the smooth progress of mining production.
Keywords: engine; Fault diagnosis; Maintenance measures
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究目的和内容 1
1.3 国内外研究现状 2
第2章 矿用卡车发动机概述 3
2.1 发动机的基本组成 3
2.2 发动机的工作原理 3
2.3 发动机的常见类型 4
2.3.1 按所使用的燃料分类 4
2.3.2 按工作循环和气缸排列方式分类 4
2.3.3 按混合气形成和点火方式分类 5
第3章 矿用卡车发动机故障诊断方法 6
3.1 观察法 6
3.2 参数测量法 6
3.3 故障代码读取法 7
3.4 逐步排除法 7
第4章 矿用卡车发动机的常见故障 9
4.1 机油压力、温度异常 9
4.2 冷却系统故障 9
4.3 供油系统故障 10
4.4 发动机异响 10
第5章 矿用卡车发动机故障的维修措施 12
5.1 检查机油量和冷却系统 12
5.2 检查并更换冷却液 12
5.3 更换燃油滤清器 13
5.4 清洁润滑系统 13
结 论 15
致 谢 16
参考文献 17
