森林植被的生态系统对区域气候的
摘 要
森林是最主要的植物种类，在水源涵养、土壤保育、碳释放、气候调节、生物多样性、休闲休闲等方面发挥着巨大的作用。在全球范围内持续升温的背景下森林生态系统与气候之间的相互作用已成为全球变化研究的热点问题之一。在我国北方，温带森林是我国北方的一道重要生态屏障。但是，目前对其通过影响水循环、对区域气候的作用机制还不清楚。本项目拟基于多源卫星遥感资料，采用最新的 WRF区域气候模型，定量评价温带森林在全球变暖背景下对该地区气温、降水量的贡献，并对其生物地球物理的作用机制进行了评估。从总体上来看，不同的区域变化相对平稳。降水量的增加和加以春季和夏季为主；在这两个季节里，降雨所带来的增加量为93.82%。秋、冬两个季节，大气温度下降，蒸发量下降，降水量下降；结果表明，随着蒸发量的增大，地面反射率的减小所产生的升温作用被蒸发量的增大所产生的降温作用所抵消。在夏季，随着时间的推移，蒸发强度的增大，短波长的净辐射强度的减小，会引起温度的降低和湿度的增大。这些研究表明，过去四十多年来，温带森林植被的改变对减缓局地气候变暖具有显著的意义。
关键词：东北地区；森林生态系统；区域气温和降水
Abstract
Forests are the most important plant species, which play an important role in water conservation, soil conservation, carbon release, climate regulation, biodiversity, leisure and so on. The interaction between forest ecosystem and climate has become one of the hot issues in the study of global change under the background of continuous global warming. In our north, temperate forests are an important ecological barrier in our north. However, the mechanism of its action on regional climate by influencing the water cycle is still unclear. Based on multi-source satellite remote sensing data, this project intends to use the latest WRF regional climate model to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of temperate forests to temperature and precipitation in the region under the background of global warming, and to evaluate the biogeophysical mechanism. On the whole, the changes in different regions are relatively stable. Precipitation increases and increases mainly in spring and summer; In these two seasons, the increase brought by rainfall was 93.82%. In autumn and winter, the atmospheric temperature, evaporation and precipitation decreased. The results show that with the increase of evaporation, the warming effect of decreasing surface reflectance is offset by the cooling effect of increasing evaporation. In summer, as the evaporation intensity increases, the net radiation intensity of short wavelength decreases, resulting in a decrease in temperature and an increase in humidity. These studies suggest that changes in temperate forest cover over the past four decades have had significant implications for mitigating local warming.
Key words: Northeast China; Forest ecosystem; Regional temperature and precipitation
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
目 录 III
引 言 1
第一章 东北森林生态系统结构以及气候变化特征 2
（一） 东北植被生态系统结构变化特征 2
（二） 东北地区气候变化特征 2
（三） 本章小结 2
第二章 东北地区森林植被变化特征 3
（一） 地表反照率变化特征 3
（二） 植被覆盖度变化特征 3
（三） 叶面积指数变化特征 3
第三章 东北森林植被变化对区域气候的影响及机制 4
（一） 东北植被生态系统对区域气温和降水格局的影响研究 4
（二） 森林植被变化对区域气温和降水格局的影响研究 4
（三） 模拟验证 4
结 论 5
参考文献 6
摘 要
森林是最主要的植物种类，在水源涵养、土壤保育、碳释放、气候调节、生物多样性、休闲休闲等方面发挥着巨大的作用。在全球范围内持续升温的背景下森林生态系统与气候之间的相互作用已成为全球变化研究的热点问题之一。在我国北方，温带森林是我国北方的一道重要生态屏障。但是，目前对其通过影响水循环、对区域气候的作用机制还不清楚。本项目拟基于多源卫星遥感资料，采用最新的 WRF区域气候模型，定量评价温带森林在全球变暖背景下对该地区气温、降水量的贡献，并对其生物地球物理的作用机制进行了评估。从总体上来看，不同的区域变化相对平稳。降水量的增加和加以春季和夏季为主；在这两个季节里，降雨所带来的增加量为93.82%。秋、冬两个季节，大气温度下降，蒸发量下降，降水量下降；结果表明，随着蒸发量的增大，地面反射率的减小所产生的升温作用被蒸发量的增大所产生的降温作用所抵消。在夏季，随着时间的推移，蒸发强度的增大，短波长的净辐射强度的减小，会引起温度的降低和湿度的增大。这些研究表明，过去四十多年来，温带森林植被的改变对减缓局地气候变暖具有显著的意义。
关键词：东北地区；森林生态系统；区域气温和降水
Abstract
Forests are the most important plant species, which play an important role in water conservation, soil conservation, carbon release, climate regulation, biodiversity, leisure and so on. The interaction between forest ecosystem and climate has become one of the hot issues in the study of global change under the background of continuous global warming. In our north, temperate forests are an important ecological barrier in our north. However, the mechanism of its action on regional climate by influencing the water cycle is still unclear. Based on multi-source satellite remote sensing data, this project intends to use the latest WRF regional climate model to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of temperate forests to temperature and precipitation in the region under the background of global warming, and to evaluate the biogeophysical mechanism. On the whole, the changes in different regions are relatively stable. Precipitation increases and increases mainly in spring and summer; In these two seasons, the increase brought by rainfall was 93.82%. In autumn and winter, the atmospheric temperature, evaporation and precipitation decreased. The results show that with the increase of evaporation, the warming effect of decreasing surface reflectance is offset by the cooling effect of increasing evaporation. In summer, as the evaporation intensity increases, the net radiation intensity of short wavelength decreases, resulting in a decrease in temperature and an increase in humidity. These studies suggest that changes in temperate forest cover over the past four decades have had significant implications for mitigating local warming.
Key words: Northeast China; Forest ecosystem; Regional temperature and precipitation
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
目 录 III
引 言 1
第一章 东北森林生态系统结构以及气候变化特征 2
（一） 东北植被生态系统结构变化特征 2
（二） 东北地区气候变化特征 2
（三） 本章小结 2
第二章 东北地区森林植被变化特征 3
（一） 地表反照率变化特征 3
（二） 植被覆盖度变化特征 3
（三） 叶面积指数变化特征 3
第三章 东北森林植被变化对区域气候的影响及机制 4
（一） 东北植被生态系统对区域气温和降水格局的影响研究 4
（二） 森林植被变化对区域气温和降水格局的影响研究 4
（三） 模拟验证 4
结 论 5
参考文献 6
