摘 要
在全球经济一体化不断深化的背景下，贸易便利化已成为推动国际贸易合作与发展的关键因素。“一带一路”倡议作为促进沿线国家互联互通的重要平台，其贸易便利化水平的测度对于评估区域经济合作成效具有重要意义。本文旨在构建科学合理的评价指标体系，对“一带一路”沿线主要国家的贸易便利化水平进行系统测度与比较分析。研究基于世界银行和联合国贸发会议等权威数据库，选取涵盖海关效率、基础设施、制度环境及数字贸易等多个维度的18项指标，采用熵值法与主成分分析相结合的方法进行综合评价。结果显示，“一带一路”沿线国家整体贸易便利化水平呈现稳步提升趋势，但区域间差异显著，部分国家在通关效率和数字化贸易服务方面仍存在较大提升空间。进一步分析发现，基础设施联通性和制度协调机制对贸易便利化具有显著正向影响。本文的创新之处在于引入动态视角与多源数据融合方法，提升了评价结果的时效性与可比性，并为政策制定者提供了优化跨境贸易合作机制的实证依据。研究结论对于深化“一带一路”经贸合作、推动区域一体化进程具有重要的理论价值与实践意义。
关键词：贸易便利化；“一带一路”倡议；熵值法与主成分分析；基础设施联通性；制度协调机制
Abstract
Against the backdrop of deepening global economic integration, trade facilitation has become a key factor in promoting international trade cooperation and development. As an important platform for enhancing connectivity among participating countries, measuring the level of trade facilitation under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is of significant importance for evaluating the effectiveness of regional economic cooperation. This paper aims to construct a scientifically sound and reasonable evaluation index system to conduct systematic measurement and comparative analysis of the trade facilitation levels of major BRI countries. Based on authoritative databases such as the World Bank and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), this study selects 18 indicators across multiple dimensions including customs efficiency, infrastructure, institutional environment, and digital trade, employing an integrated evaluation method combining the entropy weight method with principal component analysis. Results indicate a steady upward trend in the overall level of trade facilitation among BRI countries, although significant regional disparities persist, with certain countries still exhibiting considerable room for improvement in terms of customs clearance efficiency and digital trade services. Further analysis reveals that infrastructure connectivity and institutional coordination mechanisms have a significantly positive impact on trade facilitation. The innovation of this study lies in the introduction of a dynamic perspective and multi-source data fusion approach, which enhances the timeliness and comparability of the evaluation results, while providing empirical evidence for policymakers to optimize cross-border trade cooperation mechanisms. The findings of this research hold important theoretical and practical implications for deepening BRI economic and trade cooperation and advancing the process of regional integration.
Keywords: Trade Facilitation; Belt And Road Initiative; Entropy Method And Principal Component Analysis; Infrastructure Connectivity; Institutional Coordination Mechanism
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究《“一带一路”沿线国家贸易便利化水平测度》的背景 1
1.2研究《“一带一路”沿线国家贸易便利化水平测度》的意义 1
1.3《“一带一路”沿线国家贸易便利化水平测度》领域的研究现状 1
1.4本文研究《“一带一路”沿线国家贸易便利化水平测度》的方法 2
2贸易便利化的内涵与评价体系构建 2
2.1贸易便利化的基本概念界定 2
2.2国际通行的贸易便利化评价框架 2
2.3针对《“一带一路”沿线国家贸易便利化水平测度》的指标选取 3
2.4指标权重设定与合成方法设计 3
2.5数据来源与处理说明 4
3“一带一路”沿线国家贸易便利化水平测度结果分析 4
3.1各国贸易便利化综合得分计算 4
3.2区域间贸易便利化水平差异比较 5
3.3不同收入水平国家的便利化表现 5
3.4主要分项指标的横向对比分析 6
3.5测度结果的稳健性检验 6
4影响因素分析与政策启示 6
4.1制度质量对贸易便利化的影响机制 6
4.2基础设施发展水平的作用路径 7
4.3数字经济对贸易便利化的推动效应 7
4.4地缘政治与区域合作的影响评估 8
4.5提升“一带一路”沿线国家贸易便利化的政策建议 8
结 论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
