摘 要
计算机图形学中的三维重建与渲染技术是现代数字化应用的核心领域之一，其在虚拟现实、增强现实、影视制作及医疗可视化等领域具有重要价值。本研究以提升三维重建精度和渲染效果为目标，针对传统方法中存在的数据采集误差大、计算效率低以及视觉真实感不足等问题展开深入探讨。通过引入深度学习算法优化点云处理流程，提出了一种基于多视角融合的高效三维重建框架，该框架能够显著提高复杂场景下的几何细节还原能力。同时，在渲染技术方面，结合路径追踪与实时全局光照算法，设计了一种混合渲染方案，实现了高质量图像输出与实时性能之间的平衡。实验结果表明，所提出的重建框架在多种测试场景中均表现出更高的精度和鲁棒性，而混合渲染方法则有效降低了计算资源消耗，提升了用户体验。本研究的主要贡献在于将人工智能技术与传统图形学方法相结合，为三维重建与渲染提供了新的解决思路，并为相关领域的进一步发展奠定了理论和技术基础。
关键词：三维重建；深度学习；混合渲染；路径追踪；多视角融合
Abstract
Three-dimensional reconstruction and rendering techniques in computer graphics are one of the core areas of modern digital applications, with significant value in virtual reality, augmented reality, film and television production, and medical visualization. This study aims to enhance the accuracy of 3D reconstruction and the quality of rendering by addressing issues such as large data acquisition errors, low computational efficiency, and insufficient visual realism present in traditional methods. By incorporating deep learning algorithms to optimize point cloud processing, a novel multi-view fusion-based 3D reconstruction fr amework is proposed, which significantly improves the ability to restore geometric details in complex scenes. In terms of rendering technology, a hybrid rendering scheme combining path tracing with real-time global illumination algorithms is designed, achieving a balance between high-quality image output and real-time performance. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed reconstruction fr amework exhibits higher accuracy and robustness across various test scenarios, while the hybrid rendering method effectively reduces computational resource consumption and enhances user experience. The primary contribution of this research lies in integrating artificial intelligence techniques with traditional graphics methods, providing new solutions for 3D reconstruction and rendering, and laying a theoretical and technical foundation for further development in related fields.
Keywords: Three-Dimensional Reconstruction；Deep Learning；Hybrid Rendering；Path Tracing；Multi-View Fusion
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
（一）三维重建与渲染技术的研究背景 1
（二）领域研究现状与发展趋势 1
（三）本文研究方法与技术路线 2
二、三维重建关键技术分析 2
（一）数据采集与预处理方法 2
（二）几何建模的核心算法研究 3
（三）点云处理与表面重建技术 3
（四）三维重建的优化策略探讨 4
三、渲染技术原理与实现 4
（一）光照模型与材质表现研究 4
（二）实时渲染技术的理论基础 5
（三）基于物理的渲染方法分析 5
（四）高效渲染算法的设计与应用 6
四、三维重建与渲染的综合应用 6
（一）虚拟现实中的技术融合 6
（二）动画制作中的渲染效果优化 7
（三）医学影像中的三维重建实践 7
（四）文化遗产保护的应用案例分析 8
结 论 8
致 谢 10
参考文献 11
