摘 要
本研究聚焦于当前小学德育教育中存在的突出问题及其改进策略。通过文献分析、问卷调查和实地观察相结合的研究方法，对全国12个省市36所小学的德育现状进行了系统调查。研究发现，当前小学德育教育主要存在以下问题：德育目标定位模糊，与学生的实际需求脱节；教学内容过于理论化，缺乏实践性和趣味性；教师专业素养参差不齐，教学方法单一；家校社协同育人机制不健全等。针对这些问题，本研究提出了创新性的改进策略：首先，构建"三维一体"的德育目标体系，将知识传授、能力培养和价值塑造有机结合；其次，开发生活化、情境化的德育课程资源，增强教育的吸引力和实效性；再次，建立教师专业发展长效机制，提升教师的德育素养和教学能力；最后，完善家校社协同育人机制，形成教育合力。
关键词：小学德育教育；德育目标体系；家校社协同育人Abstract
This study focuses on the outstanding problems existing in the current primary school moral education and its improvement strategies. Through the research method of literature analysis, questionnaire survey and field observation, the current situation of moral education in 36 primary schools in 12 provinces and cities was systematically investigated. It is found that the following problems exist in moral education in primary schools: the target orientation of moral education is vague and the actual needs of students; the teaching content is too theoretical and practical; the professional quality is uneven, the teaching method is single, and the mechanism is not perfect. In view of these problems, this study puts forward innovative improvement strategies: firstly, construct the "three-dimensional integrated" moral education goal system to combine knowledge transmission, ability cultivation and value shaping, secondly, develop the life and situational moral education curriculum resources to enhance the attraction and effectiveness of education; Thirdly, establish the long-term mechanism of teacher professional development to enhance the moral quality and teaching ability; finally, improve the cooperative education mechanism of home school and society to form the educational force.
Key words：Moral education in primary school; moral education goal system目 录
摘要 1
Abstract 1
一、小学德育教育的现状分析 3
（一）小学德育教育的发展历程 3
（二）当前小学德育教育的主要模式 3
（三）小学德育教育的实施效果评估 4
二、小学德育教育存在的主要问题 4
（一）德育目标定位不明确的问题 4
（二）德育内容与实际脱节的问题 5
（三）德育方法单一化的问题 5
三、小学德育教育问题的成因分析 6
（一）社会转型对德育的冲击与影响 6
（二）应试教育体制下的德育困境 6
（三）教师专业发展中的德育短板 6
四、小学德育教育的改进策略研究 7
（一）构建科学合理的德育目标体系 7
（二）优化贴近生活的德育课程内容 7
（三）创新多样化的德育实施方法 8
五、 结论 8
参考文献 9
