摘要
随着大数据时代的到来，信息图表作为数据可视化的重要形式，在信息传递与用户理解中发挥着不可替代的作用。本研究旨在探讨数据可视化设计在信息图表中的创意表达方式及其对信息传递效率的影响，通过分析视觉元素、交互设计和叙事结构的综合运用，揭示其在提升用户认知体验中的关键作用。研究采用定性与定量相结合的方法，首先对现有信息图表的设计案例进行系统分类与特征提取，随后通过实验设计评估不同设计策略对用户信息获取速度和准确性的影响。结果表明，结合创意视觉表现与科学叙事逻辑的信息图表能够显著提高信息传递的有效性，并增强用户的参与感与理解深度。本研究的创新点在于提出了一种基于“感知-理解-记忆”模型的设计框架，为信息图表的创意表达提供了理论支持与实践指导。这一框架不仅强调了数据美学的重要性，还关注用户认知过程中的心理机制，从而实现了功能与艺术的平衡。研究成果对优化信息图表设计、提升数据可视化效果具有重要参考价值，同时为相关领域的进一步研究奠定了基础。
关键词：数据可视化；信息图表；创意表达；用户认知体验；感知-理解-记忆模型
Abstract
With the advent of the big data era, infographics, as an essential form of data visualization, play an irreplaceable role in information transmission and user comprehension. This study aims to explore the creative ex pression methods of data visualization design in infographics and their impact on the efficiency of information transmission. By analyzing the integrated application of visual elements, interactive design, and narrative structures, the study reveals their critical role in enhancing user cognitive experiences. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative and quantitative research is adopted. First, existing infographic design cases are systematically classified and their features extracted. Subsequently, experimental designs are implemented to evaluate the influence of different design strategies on users' speed and accuracy in information acquisition. The results indicate that infographics combining creative visual representation with scientific narrative logic can significantly improve the effectiveness of information transmission while enhancing user engagement and depth of understanding. The innovation of this study lies in the proposal of a design fr amework based on the "perception-understanding-memory" model, which provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the creative ex pression of infographics. This fr amework not only emphasizes the importance of data aesthetics but also focuses on the psychological mechanisms involved in the user's cognitive process, thereby achieving a balance between functionality and artistry. The research findings have significant reference value for optimizing infographic design and enhancing data visualization effects, and they lay a foundation for further studies in related fields.
Keywords：Data Visualization; Information Graphics; Creative ex pression; User Cognitive Experience; Perception-Comprehension-Memory Model
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
引言 1
一、数据可视化的核心概念与基础理论 1
(一) 数据可视化的定义与内涵 1
(二) 信息图表的基本构成要素 2
(三) 创意表达与信息传递的关系 2
二、创意设计在信息图表中的应用策略 3
(一) 视觉叙事的构建方法 3
(二) 色彩与图形的创意运用 3
(三) 用户体验导向的设计原则 4
三、信息传递的有效性提升路径 4
(一) 数据简化与层次分明的呈现 4
(二) 交互式设计对信息传递的影响 5
(三) 可读性与理解效率的优化策略 5
四、数据可视化设计的实际案例分析 6
(一) 典型信息图表的设计解析 6
(二) 创意表达的成功实践模式 6
(三) 信息传递效果的评估标准 7
结 论 8
参考文献 9
