目 录
引言 1
一、苦难书写的文学特质 1
（一）苦难的叙事视角选择 1
（二）苦难的表现形式分析 2
（三）苦难书写的情感张力 3
二、生命哲学的核心内涵 4
（一）生命意义的追问 4
（二）生存意志的体现 4
（三）人性深度的挖掘 5
（四）命运观念的探讨 5
三、苦难与生命哲学的交织 6
（一）苦难对生命意义的重塑 6
（二）生命哲学在苦难中的升华 7
（三）苦难与人性韧性的展现 7
（四）苦难书写中的伦理反思 8
四、余华小说的艺术成就与影响 8
（一）艺术手法的独特性 9
（二）苦难书写的时代价值 9
（三）生命哲学的普世意义 10
（四）对中国当代文学的贡献 10
结论 11
参考文献 13
余华小说中的苦难书写与生命哲学
李XXX（指导教师，XXX 教授）
（湖北师范大学继续教育学院 中国 黄石 435002）
摘 要：余华作为当代中国文坛的重要作家，其作品以深刻描绘苦难与生命哲学著称，为理解人类生存状态提供了独特视角。本研究基于余华小说文本，结合存在主义哲学、叙事学理论及文化批评方法，探讨其作品中苦难书写的艺术特征及其蕴含的生命哲学思考。通过对《活着》《许三观卖血记》《兄弟》等代表性作品的分析，发现余华以平实而富有张力的语言，将苦难融入日常生活的叙述之中，同时赋予其超越性的精神维度。余华的苦难书写不仅展现了对现实的深切关怀，还体现了对生命本质的哲学追问，从而构建了一种兼具批判性与建设性的生命观。
关键词：余华；苦难书写；生命哲学；存在主义；叙事艺术
Suffering Narratives and the Philosophy of Life in Yu Hua's Novels
Li xx (Tutor:XXX)
(College of Continuing Education, Hubei Normal University, Huang shi, China, 435002)
Abstract: As an important writer in contemporary Chinese literature, Yu Hua's works are famous for their profound depiction of suffering and life philosophy, which provides a unique perspective for understanding human existence. This study is based on Yu Hua's novel text, combining existentialism philosophy, narratology theory and cultural criticism method, to explore the artistic characteristics of suffering writing in his works and the life philosophy thought contained in it. Through the analysis of representative works such as "To Live", "Xu Sanguan Selling Blood" and "Brothers", it is found that Yu Hua integrates suffering into the narration of daily life with plain and powerful language, and at the same time gives it a transcendent spiritual dimension. Yu Hua's suffering writing not only shows his deep concern for reality, but also reflects his philosophical inquiry into the nature of life, thus constructing a critical and constructive view of life.
Keywords: Yu Hua；Suffering Writing；Philosophy Of Life；Existentialism；Narrative Art
