摘 要
随着人口老龄化加剧，老年患者数量持续增长，其护理需求日益复杂化，而人文关怀作为提升护理质量的重要手段逐渐受到关注。本研究旨在探讨人文关怀在老年患者护理中的实践模式及其效果，为优化护理策略提供科学依据。研究采用准实验设计，选取某三甲医院老年科200例住院患者为研究对象，随机分为干预组和对照组，干预组接受为期8周的人文关怀护理干预，包括情感支持、个性化沟通、环境改善及心理疏导等措施，对照组则接受常规护理。通过焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）以及生活质量综合评定问卷（GQOLI-74）评估两组患者的身心健康状况及生活质量变化。结果显示，干预组患者焦虑、抑郁评分显著低于对照组，生活质量总分及各维度得分均显著提高，差异具有统计学意义（P0.05）。此外，患者对护理服务的满意度也明显提升。本研究创新性地构建了系统化的人文关怀护理模式，并验证了其在改善老年患者心理状态和生活质量方面的有效性，为临床护理实践提供了新思路和可操作方案，具有重要的理论价值和实践意义。
关键词：人文关怀，老年患者，护理模式，心理健康，生活质量
A Study on the Practice and Effects of Humanistic Care in the Nursing of Elderly Patients
Abstract
With the intensification of population aging, the number of elderly patients continues to grow, and their nursing needs are becoming increasingly complex. Humanistic care, as an important means to improve nursing quality, has gradually drawn attention. This study aims to explore the practice model and effects of humanistic care in the nursing of elderly patients, providing a scientific basis for optimizing nursing strategies. A quasi-experimental design was adopted, selecting 200 hospitalized patients from the geriatric department of a tertiary hospital as research subjects, who were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group received an 8-week humanistic care intervention, which included emotional support, personalized communication, environmental improvement, and psychological counseling, while the control group received routine nursing care. The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and General Quality of Life Inventory-74 (GQOLI-74) were used to evaluate the physical and mental health status and quality of life changes of patients in both groups. The results showed that the anxiety and depression scores of patients in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the total score and scores in all dimensions of quality of life were significantly improved, with statistically significant differences (P0.05). Additionally, patient satisfaction with nursing services was also markedly enhanced. This study innovatively constructed a systematic model of humanistic care nursing and verified its effectiveness in improving the psychological state and quality of life of elderly patients, offering new ideas and actionable solutions for clinical nursing practice, with important theoretical and practical significance.
Key Words：Humanistic Care, Elderly Patients, Nursing Model, Mental Health, Quality Of Life
目 录
一、绪论 1
（一）老年患者护理中人文关怀的背景与意义 1
（二）国内外人文关怀实践的研究现状分析 2
（三）本文研究方法与技术路线设计 2
二、老年患者护理中人文关怀的核心要素 3
（一）人文关怀在老年护理中的理论基础 3
（二）沟通技巧在人文关怀中的应用实践 5
（三）心理支持对老年患者的积极影响 6
三、人文关怀实践的具体实施策略 7
（一）护理人员人文素养的培养路径 7
（二）家庭参与在人文关怀中的作用探讨 8
（三）医疗环境优化与人文关怀的结合 9
四、人文关怀实践的效果评估与改进 10
（一）老年患者对人文关怀实践的满意度调查 10
（二）人文关怀对老年患者康复效果的影响分析 11
（三）提升人文关怀实践效果的对策建议 12
结论 14
参考文献 15
致 谢 17
