物联网设备中的轻量级加密算法研究与应用
摘 要
随着物联网技术的快速发展，海量设备接入网络带来了数据安全与隐私保护的新挑战。传统加密算法因计算复杂度高、资源消耗大而难以满足物联网设备对低功耗、低成本和高性能的需求。为此，本研究聚焦于轻量级加密算法的设计与应用，旨在为资源受限的物联网设备提供高效的安全保障。研究通过分析现有轻量级加密算法的性能特点及其在物联网场景中的适用性，提出了一种基于分组密码结构的改进算法，该算法结合了混淆与扩散原理，并优化了密钥调度机制以降低计算开销。同时，采用硬件实现与软件仿真相结合的方法对算法进行评估，结果表明，所提算法在安全性、速度和资源占用之间实现了良好平衡，相较于主流算法可减少约30%的硬件逻辑门数量，同时保持较高的加密强度。
关键词：物联网安全 轻量级加密算法 分组密码结构
Abstract
With the rapid development of the Internet of Things technology, the access of massive devices to the network has brought new challenges to data security and privacy protection. Traditional encryption algorithms have low requirements for low power consumption, low cost and high performance due to their high computational complexity and high resource consumption. To this end, this study focuses on the design and application of lightweight encryption algorithms, aiming to provide efficient security guarantee for resource-limited IoT devices. By analyzing the performance characteristics of existing lightweight encryption algorithms and their applicability in the Internet of Things scenario, we propose an improved algorithm based on grouped cryptographic structure, which combines the principle of confusion and diffusion, and optimizes the key scheduling mechanism to reduce the computational overhead. At the same time, the algorithm is evaluated by combining hardware implementation and software simulation. The results show that the proposed algorithm achieves a good balance between security, speed and resource occupation. Compared with the mainstream algorithm, it allows the number of hardware logic gates to be reduced by about 30%, while maintaining a high encryption intensity.
Keyword:Internet Of Things Security Lightweight Encryption Algorithm Block Cipher Structure
目 录
引言 1
1物联网轻量级加密算法概述 1
1.1物联网安全需求分析 1
1.2轻量级加密算法定义与特点 2
1.3轻量级加密算法分类 2
2轻量级加密算法设计原理 2
2.1对称加密算法基础 2
2.2非对称加密算法基础 3
2.3算法效率与安全性权衡 3
2.4算法硬件实现约束 4
3轻量级加密算法在物联网中的应用 4
3.1智能家居场景应用分析 4
3.2工业物联网安全需求匹配 5
3.3医疗物联网数据保护方案 5
3.4农业物联网中的实践案例 5
3.5移动物联网设备适配性研究 6
4轻量级加密算法性能评估与改进 6
4.1加密算法性能测试方法 6
4.2安全性评估指标体系 7
4.3算法优化方向探讨 7
4.4新型轻量级算法设计思路 7
4.5未来发展趋势预测 8
结论 8
参考文献 10
致谢 11
摘 要
随着物联网技术的快速发展，海量设备接入网络带来了数据安全与隐私保护的新挑战。传统加密算法因计算复杂度高、资源消耗大而难以满足物联网设备对低功耗、低成本和高性能的需求。为此，本研究聚焦于轻量级加密算法的设计与应用，旨在为资源受限的物联网设备提供高效的安全保障。研究通过分析现有轻量级加密算法的性能特点及其在物联网场景中的适用性，提出了一种基于分组密码结构的改进算法，该算法结合了混淆与扩散原理，并优化了密钥调度机制以降低计算开销。同时，采用硬件实现与软件仿真相结合的方法对算法进行评估，结果表明，所提算法在安全性、速度和资源占用之间实现了良好平衡，相较于主流算法可减少约30%的硬件逻辑门数量，同时保持较高的加密强度。
关键词：物联网安全 轻量级加密算法 分组密码结构
Abstract
With the rapid development of the Internet of Things technology, the access of massive devices to the network has brought new challenges to data security and privacy protection. Traditional encryption algorithms have low requirements for low power consumption, low cost and high performance due to their high computational complexity and high resource consumption. To this end, this study focuses on the design and application of lightweight encryption algorithms, aiming to provide efficient security guarantee for resource-limited IoT devices. By analyzing the performance characteristics of existing lightweight encryption algorithms and their applicability in the Internet of Things scenario, we propose an improved algorithm based on grouped cryptographic structure, which combines the principle of confusion and diffusion, and optimizes the key scheduling mechanism to reduce the computational overhead. At the same time, the algorithm is evaluated by combining hardware implementation and software simulation. The results show that the proposed algorithm achieves a good balance between security, speed and resource occupation. Compared with the mainstream algorithm, it allows the number of hardware logic gates to be reduced by about 30%, while maintaining a high encryption intensity.
Keyword:Internet Of Things Security Lightweight Encryption Algorithm Block Cipher Structure
目 录
引言 1
1物联网轻量级加密算法概述 1
1.1物联网安全需求分析 1
1.2轻量级加密算法定义与特点 2
1.3轻量级加密算法分类 2
2轻量级加密算法设计原理 2
2.1对称加密算法基础 2
2.2非对称加密算法基础 3
2.3算法效率与安全性权衡 3
2.4算法硬件实现约束 4
3轻量级加密算法在物联网中的应用 4
3.1智能家居场景应用分析 4
3.2工业物联网安全需求匹配 5
3.3医疗物联网数据保护方案 5
3.4农业物联网中的实践案例 5
3.5移动物联网设备适配性研究 6
4轻量级加密算法性能评估与改进 6
4.1加密算法性能测试方法 6
4.2安全性评估指标体系 7
4.3算法优化方向探讨 7
4.4新型轻量级算法设计思路 7
4.5未来发展趋势预测 8
结论 8
参考文献 10
致谢 11
