摘要
随着能源危机和环境问题的日益突出，微电网作为分布式电源高效利用的重要载体，已成为智能电网研究的关键领域之一。本文针对微电网中分布式电源优化配置与协调控制这一核心问题展开研究，旨在提升微电网运行的经济性、可靠性和环保性。研究基于多目标优化理论，提出了一种综合考虑成本、排放和电压稳定性的分布式电源配置方法，并结合分层控制策略实现了对微电网内各单元的高效协调控制。通过引入改进粒子群算法解决优化配置中的复杂非线性问题，同时设计了基于下垂控制和功率预测的混合控制框架以适应不同运行模式下的需求。仿真结果表明，所提方法能够显著降低微电网运行成本，减少污染物排放，并有效改善系统电压质量。此外，该研究在实际工程应用中具有较强的可行性和普适性，为分布式电源的合理规划与高效运行提供了重要参考，同时也为微电网技术的进一步发展奠定了理论基础。
关键词：微电网；分布式电源优化配置；多目标优化
Abstract
With the increasing prominence of energy crises and environmental issues, microgrids, as an essential carrier for the efficient utilization of distributed generation (DG), have become one of the key research areas in smart grids. This study focuses on the core issue of optimal DG allocation and coordinated control within microgrids, aiming to enhance the economic efficiency, reliability, and environmental sustainability of microgrid operations. Based on multi-ob jective optimization theory, a DG allocation method is proposed that comprehensively considers cost, emissions, and voltage stability, while a hierarchical control strategy is employed to achieve efficient coordination among various units within the microgrid. To address the complex nonlinear problems in optimal allocation, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is introduced, and a hybrid control fr amework combining droop control and power prediction is designed to accommodate demands under different operational modes. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach can significantly reduce operational costs and pollutant emissions while effectively improving system voltage quality. Moreover, this research exhibits strong feasibility and versatility for practical engineering applications, providing critical references for the rational planning and efficient operation of distributed generation, and laying a theoretical foundation for the further development of microgrid technologies.
Keywords：Microgrid; Distributed Generation Optimization Configuration; Multi-ob jective Optimization
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 微电网与分布式电源的研究背景 1
(二) 优化配置与协调控制的意义 1
(三) 国内外研究现状分析 1
(四) 本文研究方法与结构安排 2
二、分布式电源优化配置的关键技术 2
(一) 优化配置的目标与约束条件 2
(二) 数学建模与求解方法 3
(三) 不同场景下的配置策略分析 3
三、微电网中分布式电源的协调控制机制 4
(一) 协调控制的基本原理 4
(二) 控制策略的设计与实现 5
(三) 动态响应与稳定性分析 5
四、实际应用与案例研究 6
(一) 典型微电网系统架构分析 6
(二) 优化配置的实际效果评估 6
(三) 协调控制的应用验证 7
结 论 9
参考文献 10
随着能源危机和环境问题的日益突出，微电网作为分布式电源高效利用的重要载体，已成为智能电网研究的关键领域之一。本文针对微电网中分布式电源优化配置与协调控制这一核心问题展开研究，旨在提升微电网运行的经济性、可靠性和环保性。研究基于多目标优化理论，提出了一种综合考虑成本、排放和电压稳定性的分布式电源配置方法，并结合分层控制策略实现了对微电网内各单元的高效协调控制。通过引入改进粒子群算法解决优化配置中的复杂非线性问题，同时设计了基于下垂控制和功率预测的混合控制框架以适应不同运行模式下的需求。仿真结果表明，所提方法能够显著降低微电网运行成本，减少污染物排放，并有效改善系统电压质量。此外，该研究在实际工程应用中具有较强的可行性和普适性，为分布式电源的合理规划与高效运行提供了重要参考，同时也为微电网技术的进一步发展奠定了理论基础。
关键词：微电网；分布式电源优化配置；多目标优化
Abstract
With the increasing prominence of energy crises and environmental issues, microgrids, as an essential carrier for the efficient utilization of distributed generation (DG), have become one of the key research areas in smart grids. This study focuses on the core issue of optimal DG allocation and coordinated control within microgrids, aiming to enhance the economic efficiency, reliability, and environmental sustainability of microgrid operations. Based on multi-ob jective optimization theory, a DG allocation method is proposed that comprehensively considers cost, emissions, and voltage stability, while a hierarchical control strategy is employed to achieve efficient coordination among various units within the microgrid. To address the complex nonlinear problems in optimal allocation, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is introduced, and a hybrid control fr amework combining droop control and power prediction is designed to accommodate demands under different operational modes. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach can significantly reduce operational costs and pollutant emissions while effectively improving system voltage quality. Moreover, this research exhibits strong feasibility and versatility for practical engineering applications, providing critical references for the rational planning and efficient operation of distributed generation, and laying a theoretical foundation for the further development of microgrid technologies.
Keywords：Microgrid; Distributed Generation Optimization Configuration; Multi-ob jective Optimization
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 微电网与分布式电源的研究背景 1
(二) 优化配置与协调控制的意义 1
(三) 国内外研究现状分析 1
(四) 本文研究方法与结构安排 2
二、分布式电源优化配置的关键技术 2
(一) 优化配置的目标与约束条件 2
(二) 数学建模与求解方法 3
(三) 不同场景下的配置策略分析 3
三、微电网中分布式电源的协调控制机制 4
(一) 协调控制的基本原理 4
(二) 控制策略的设计与实现 5
(三) 动态响应与稳定性分析 5
四、实际应用与案例研究 6
(一) 典型微电网系统架构分析 6
(二) 优化配置的实际效果评估 6
(三) 协调控制的应用验证 7
结 论 9
参考文献 10
