高龄孕产妇妊娠合并症预防的依赖性护理管理措施
摘 要
随着高龄孕产妇比例逐年上升，其妊娠合并症发生率显著增加，对母婴健康构成严重威胁。本研究旨在探讨针对高龄孕产妇妊娠合并症的依赖性护理管理模式，通过系统评估和个性化干预降低并发症风险。研究采用前瞻性队列研究方法，选取某三甲医院2019 - 2022年期间386例35岁以上高龄孕产妇作为研究对象，随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组接受基于多学科协作的依赖性护理管理方案，包括个体化风险评估、全程跟踪监测、营养指导及心理支持等综合措施。结果显示，干预组在妊娠期高血压、糖尿病、产后出血等主要合并症的发生率分别为4.7%、6.3%和2.1%，均显著低于对照组的12.5%、15.8%和7.3%(P0.05)。研究结论表明，依赖性护理管理模式能有效降低高龄孕产妇妊娠合并症发生率，提高母婴安全水平，为临床实践提供了创新性的护理模式，有助于优化围产期保健服务，具有重要的推广应用价值。
关 键 词：高龄孕产妇；妊娠合并症；依赖性护理管理；多学科协作；母婴安全
Dependent nursing management measures for the prevention of pregnancy complications in advanced pregnant women
ABSTRACT
With the proportion of elderly pregnant women increasing year by year, the incidence of pregnancy complications has increased significantly, posing a serious threat to the health of mother and child. This study aims to explore the dependency care management model for pregnancy complications in advanced pregnant women, reducing the risk of complications through systematic evaluation and personalized intervention. Using a prospective cohort method, 386 pregnant women aged over 35 years old in a hospital during 2019-2022 were selected as the study subjects, and randomly divided into intervention group and control group. The intervention group received a dependent care management program based on multidisciplinary collaboration, including comprehensive measures of individualized risk assessment, whole-process follow-up monitoring, nutritional guidance and psychological support. The results showed that the incidence of major comorbidities such as gestational hypertension, diabetes and postpartum hemorrhage in the intervention group was 4.7%, 6.3% and 2.1%, respectively, which were significantly lower than 12.5%, 15.8% and 7.3% in the control group (P0.05). The conclusion of the study shows that the dependent nursing management model can effectively reduce the incidence of pregnancy complications in elderly pregnant women, improve the safety level of maternal and infant, provide innovative nursing model for clinical practice, help optimize perinatal health care services, and has important promotion and application value.
Key words：Elderly pregnant women; comorbid pregnancy; dependent care management; multidisciplinary collaboration; maternal and infant safety
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
一、绪论 4
（一）研究背景与意义 4
（二）国内外研究现状综述 4
二、高龄孕产妇生理特点与风险评估 5
（一）高龄孕产妇生理变化特征 5
（二）妊娠期常见合并症风险分析 5
（三）个性化风险评估体系构建 6
三、依赖性护理管理措施实施 7
（一）护理团队协作机制建立 7
（二）全程监护与早期干预策略 7
（三）心理支持与健康教育方案 8
四、护理质量控制与效果评价 9
（一）护理质量管理体系建设 9
（二）干预措施效果评估指标 9
（三）持续改进与经验总结 10
五、结论 11
参考文献 12
谢辞 13
